美國「洛克菲勒基金會」與臺灣水產養殖業的發展

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人文学 > 历史学

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美国「洛克菲勒基金会」与台湾水产养殖业的发展

The Rockefeller Foundation and the Development of Aqua-Culture Industry in Taiwan

薛月顺(Yueh-Shuen Hsuch)

国史馆馆刊； 36 期 (2013 / 06 / 01) ， P99 - 139

繁体中文

洛氏基金会；水产养殖；农复会； The Rockefeller Foundation ； aqua-culture ； The Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (38) │ 被引用文献 (3) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

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In accordance with its view that the problem of food supply will worsen because of the continual increase in world population, the Foundation has paid much attention to the issue of food production for a long time, and since 1964 it had started to aid the countries or states that have experienced in the cultivation of aquatic products, for example Hawaii, the Philippines, and so on. As Taiwan also has had very successful experience in the matter, the Foundation believed that it had the capability to carry out relevant projects and thus was willing to provide the nation with financial aids to promote further developments there. From July 1st 1966 to June 30th 1973, a total of US$475,000 was given to help Taiwan to develop aqua-culture. The Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction was appointed as the managing institute.In managing the funds, the Joint Commission was in charge of controlling the expenses and supplies, in monitoring the quality of the execution of the projects and the distribution of human powers. It also helped Fisheries Research Institute to accomplish all sorts of projects, to sponsor conferences, and to perform other academic exchange programs so as to promote efficiency.More than half of the grant was spent on books, equipments, other instruments, and 45 percent was used on personnel expenses, including payloads to researchers, advisors, and subsidies to staff members. Often it was mandatory to recruit professionals from abroad or foreign experts to help the cultivating and the training of staff members. By providing personal experiences and opinions, foreign experts often helped the staff to observe and learn much better. Good salaries often attracted talented researchers and assistant researchers to come back and work in the home country. With long-term research and experiment, these people eventually raised their capabilities and expertise in aqua-culture industry. The impact has been far-reaching.Among the many projects subsidized, the one on the cultivation of shrimps received the most of the aids. In 1968 the Foundation spent a huge amount of money on the construction of the Tungkang Shrimp Culture Center. In 1971 the center became Tungkang Marine Laboratory, now one of world's renowned aquatic products research institutes. This institute has given training programs for many people from South-east Asia, mostly farmers and fishermen interested in the cultivation of fisheries. In this way, the Foundation has made the best use of its aids.To sum up, with the financial aids from the Rockefeller Foundation, Taiwan has been able to develop the industry of aqua-culture successfully.

参考文献 ( 38 ) 〈TOP〉

《行政院农业委员会档案》（台北，国史馆藏）034000005709A，〈Fish Culture Research Subsidized by Rockefeller Foundation〉
《行政院农业委员会档案》（台北，国史馆藏）034000005708A，〈Fish Culture Research Subsidized by Rockefeller Foundation〉
《行政院农业委员会档案》（台北，国史馆藏）034000005710A，〈Fish Culture Research Subsidized by Rockefeller Foundation〉
(1973).JCRR, Reports of Fish Culture Research Supported by Rockefeller Foundation.Taipei:JCRR.
(1967)。农复会工作报告，19

被引用文献 ( 3 ) 〈TOP〉

郭忠豪(2019)。滋血液，养神气：日治到战後台湾的养鳖知识、养殖环境与食疗文化。中国饮食文化，15(1)，35-77。
李力庸(2017)。深耕台湾：2013-2015 年农业史研究的回顾与展望。汉学研究通讯，36(4)，1-13。
(2024)。近代台湾鳗鱼的养殖变迁与消费文化。中国饮食文化，20(2)，55-98。

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