解析東方果實蠅 oskar 基因產物在卵後端之聚集與生殖漿的形成

林羿岑

doi:10.6342/NTU201700608

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解析东方果实蝇 oskar 基因产物在卵後端之聚集与生殖浆的形成

Posterior localization of oskar mRNA and protein evidences the assembly of germ plasm during oogenesis in the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis

林羿岑 , 硕士　　导师：张俊哲　　

繁体中文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU201700608

卵发育；微卵管；生殖细胞决定物质；双翅目；胚胎发育； oogenesis ； ovarioles ； germline determinants ； dipteran ； embryogenesis

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (89) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

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Germ cells, by definition, are the cells that can transmit genetic information from generation to generation. In some animals such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, germ cells are specified at the beginning of development, relying on a specialized cytoplasm called germ plasm. Maternally-inherited germline determinants restricted within the germ plasm are then recruited to the germ (pole) cells that are formed in the posteriormost region of the embryo after fertilization. Among all maternal germline determinants in Drosophila, oskar (osk) mRNA is known to act as molecular anchors to recruit other components of the germ plasm. Posterior localization of osk mRNA in oocytes and early eggs have also been identified in several other holometabolous insects such as mosquitos and wasps, suggesting that restriction of osk transcripts in the developing oocytes labels the forming germ plasm. Based upon this assumption, I cloned an osk ortholog (Bdosk) in oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis, detecting its expression during oogenesis. Data of in situ hybridization showed that posterior localization of Bdosk mRNA, like that of Drosophila osk, was identified in the posterior poles of the developing oocytes. Localization pattern of the BdOsk protein resembled to that of Bdosk mRNA, indicating that osk plays a conserved role to assemble the germ plasm in the Diptera. In order to verify to which extent the role as a molecular anchor is conserved, we ectopically expressed Bdosk mRNA and protein to the anterior pole of Drosophila oocytes with the aid of the 3’UTR of bicoid (bcd), a noncoding region known to direct bcd mRNA to the oocyte anterior. Anterior localization of BdOsk has been identified but we have not been able to observe whether Bdosk can induce the formation of pole cells in the anterior region of the Drosophila embryos. Notwithstanding, our study paves a path for further investigation of the evolutionary role of osk in the Diptera.

参考文献 ( 89 ) 〈TOP〉

Ahuja, A. and Extavour, C. G. (2014). Patterns of molecular evolution of the germ line specification gene oskar suggest that a novel domain may contribute to functional divergence in Drosophila. Dev Genes Evol 224, 65-77.
连结：
Araujo, R. N., Santos, A., Pinto, F. S., Gontijo, N. F., Lehane, M. J. and Pereira, M. H. (2006). RNA interference of the salivary gland nitrophorin 2 in the triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) by dsRNA ingestion or injection. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 36, 683-693.
连结：
Berg, G. J. and Gassner, G. (1978). Fine structure of the blastoderm embryo of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora Gossypiella (saunders) (lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 7, 81-105.
连结：
Besse, F., Lopez de Quinto, S., Marchand, V., Trucco, A. and Ephrussi, A. (2009). Drosophila PTB promotes formation of high-order RNP particles and represses oskar translation. Genes Dev 23, 195-207.
连结：
Bolognesi, R., Ramaseshadri, P., Anderson, J., Bachman, P., Clinton, W., Flannagan, R., Ilagan, O., Lawrence, C., Levine, S., Moar, W., et al. (2012). Characterizing the mechanism of action of double-stranded RNA activity against western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte). PLoS One 7, e47534.
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DOI可强化引用精确性、增强学术圈连结，并给予使用者跨平台的良好使用经验，目前在全世界已有超过五千万个对象申请DOI。如想对DOI的使用与概念有进一步了解，请参考（）。