醫院員工上肢職業性肌肉骨骼傷害與危險因子之調查

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医院员工上肢职业性肌肉骨骼伤害与危险因子之调查

A survey of work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders among hospital employees

梁升耀 , 硕士　　导师：李素幸　　

繁体中文

医院员工；上肢肌肉骨骼伤害；危险因子；人因工程； hospital staff ； upper limb musculoskeletal disorders ； risk factors ； Human Factors Engineering

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (53) │ 国际计量

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Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) is a musculoskeletal injury caused by improper working activities. Previous studies have shown that health care industry is a high risk group of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, therefore this study aimed at hospital staff to explore the prevalence of WMSDs in upper limbs and related risk factors as a reference for injury prevention. In this study, we used the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) to assess the problem of upper limb musculoskeletal injuries and collect potential risk factors such as job factors, personal factors, psychosocial factors and working conditions. A total of 700 questionnaires were distributed to the hospital workers and 675 (96.4%) returned.
    The results showed that the prevalence of upper limb musculoskeletal discomforts was 82.8% among these hospital staff. The prevalence was 72% in the shoulder, 62.7% in the necks, 32.4% in the wrists, 29.2% in the hands and 22.5% in the elbows. The extent of discomforts, to the degree of severe or extremely serious, was as the followings: wrists (26.1%), hands (25.2%), elbows (18.8%), shoulders (3.1%) and necks (2.6%). Stepwise analysis showed gender, age, BMI, education, sleep, self-conscious quality of life, work experience, workload, job types, the use of heavy manual tools, upper arm lifting, weight pushing, inappropriate height of working desk/chair and the psychological workload were important risk predictors for upper limb musculoskeletal discomforts, especially height of working desk/chair were at the same time associated with the discomforts of necks, wrists, hands and elbows.
    Although the hospital staff in this study reported higher prevalence of discomforts over necks and shoulders areas, yet from the perspectives of severity, prevalence over wrists and hands was even higher than that of necks and shoulders. We suggest the hospital should set priorities to find these staff with wrist and hand discomforts and assist them aggressively. In addition, we found that improper height of working desk/chair was at the same time related to necks, wrists, hands and elbows. It indicated that these workplaces are somewhat lack of concept in ergonomic design. Hospital management or the occupational safety and health departments should face this problem and re-examine current ergonomic prevention programs in accordance with the Occupational Safety and Health Act.

参考文献 ( 53 ) 〈TOP〉

全中妤、杜中礼、葉文浴、李中一（2003）。台湾观光饭店餐饮从业人员工作内容与姿势之人因工学调查。台湾职业医学杂志，10(4)：259-268。
连结：
行政院劳工委员会勞工安全卫生研究所（2007）。我国职业病给付中肌肉骨骼伤害之分布及劳工注意须知。取自：http://laws.ilosh.gov.tw/Print.aspx?cnid=16&P=230。
连结：
行政院劳工委员会勞工安全卫生研究所（2014）。工作环境安全卫生狀况认知调查-2013年（IOSH102-M306）。台北市：行政院劳动部劳动与职业安全卫生研究所。
连结：
行政院劳动部（2013）。职业安全卫生法。台北：行政院劳动部。
连结：
冯兆康.李中一(1998)。护理人员自觉疲劳盛行率及其相关因子。中华职业医
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引用含有DOI的文献

DOI可强化引用精确性、增强学术圈连结，并给予使用者跨平台的良好使用经验，目前在全世界已有超过五千万个对象申请DOI。 如想对DOI的使用与概念有进一步了解，请参考 （ ） 。

DOI可强化引用精确性、增强学术圈连结，并给予使用者跨平台的良好使用经验，目前在全世界已有超过五千万个对象申请DOI。如想对DOI的使用与概念有进一步了解，请参考（）。