氣喘孩童母親的親職壓力及因應行為

Parental Stress in Mothers of Children with Asthma

10.6224/JN.53.4.31

曾資蓉(Tzu-Jung Tseng)；周傳姜(Chuan-Chiang Chou)

氣喘孩童母親 ； 親職壓力 ； 因應行為 ； mothers of children with asthma ； parental stress ； coping behaviors

護理雜誌

53卷4期（2006 / 08 / 01）

31 - 40

繁體中文

近年來氣喘孩童的罹患率增加，氣喘已成為孩童常見慢性病。氣喘控制不佳對病童之生長、發育及學業造成相當的影響，家庭在病童疾病控制和適應上扮演了重要之角色。本研究目的探討母親在照顧氣喘孩童中所承受的親職壓力及因應行為。收案時間為民國92年11月至93年2月，以立意取樣自北區某氣喘專科門診，共有125位符合研究條件且參與研究，最後資料完整有68份。問卷內容包括氣喘兒童與母親的人口學資料、氣喘症狀嚴重度、親職壓力量表、壓力調適行為量表，資料以SPSS10.0版套裝軟體進行分析。結果：當孩童的氣喘症狀愈嚴重、母親的年齡愈輕，母親的親職壓力愈大。氣喘兒童發展階段、氣喘症狀嚴重度與母親的教育及信仰，會影響壓力調適行為。家中氣喘的個案數及母親的情感／消極之因應行為，可以解釋親職壓力總變量達47%。本研究結果，可以提供臨床、學校及社區的相關人員對氣喘孩童護理周延性之參考。

Cases of asthma are increasing dramatically. Asthma is the most common chronic disease among children. Children's health and education can be affected by uncontrolled disease. Families play an important role in childhood asthma management. The main purpose of this study was to understand the parental stress and associated coping behaviors of mothers of children with asthma. The study adopted the survey design with the purposive sampling method. Data collection took place between December, 2003 and February, 2004. Sixty-eight mothers participated in the research. Data were collected with structured questionnaires, incorporating the Parental Distress Rating Scale, the Parental Coping Behavior Rating Scale, the Seriousness of Asthma Symptom Rating Scale and Demographic Data Sheet. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS/10.0 software. The results showed that factors affecting the mother's stress, included her age and the seriousness of the child's disease. Factors affecting the mother's coping behaviors included the mother's educational level, the child's age, the seriousness of the child's disease, the mother's age, the number of asthmatic children in the family, and the mother's system of belief. Using multiple regression analysis, the number of asthmatic children in the family, and the mother's coping behavior were found to be significant in explaining 47% of the variance in parental stress. We hope that these data will help clinical health care providers in fostering more effective strategies of health care in asthma of children and mother.