世紀回眸－台灣護理專業的演變與發展

Centennial Retrospective on the Evolution and Development of the Nursing Profession in Taiwan

10.6224/JN.61.4S.55

王桂芸(Kwua-Yun Wang)；張淑容(Shu-Rong Chang)

護理史 ； 護理專業 ； 未來展望 ； nursing history ； nursing profession ； future prospects

護理雜誌

61卷4期附冊（2014 / 08 / 01）

55 - 61

繁體中文

本文旨在描述台灣護理專業的歷史演變及發展，首先陳述護理的緣起，並依時序從康熙年間的台灣醫療、19世紀中葉的傳教醫療、日治時期的醫療環境到國民政府時期護理專業的建立對台灣護理史進行整理。其次，由性別議題、高科技發展、教考用訓之平衡、多元的護理師角色及護理分級照護等層面，探討台灣護理專業的發展現況並對未來展望提出建議，以作為全體護理同仁之參考及借鏡。

This article explores the evolution and development of the Taiwanese nursing profession. After introducing the origins of nursing, this article proceeds to introduce nursing during various periods in Taiwan, including the early-Qing Dynasty, foreign missionary nursing, the Japanese Colonial Era, and the Nationalist Chinese Era following World War Two up to the present. The authors then present the current situation in the Taiwanese nursing profession in terms of gender issues, high-technology developments, educational issues, the nursing licensing examination, hiring and training, multiple role functions, and the skill-mix care model. Finally, the authors make recommendations for the further development and improvement of the nursing profession in Taiwan.