题名

原、漢老人健康需求比較研究

并列篇名

Comparing the Health Needs of Older Aboriginal and Older Ethnic Chinese Individuals in Taiwan

DOI

10.6224/JN.63.2.58

作者

李玲玲(Ling-Ling Lee);林淑緩(Shu-Shuan Lin);嚴嘉楓(Chia-Feng Yen);莊瑞菱(Jui-Ling Chuang)

关键词

社區老人 ; 健康需求評估 ; 獨立需求 ; 衰弱風險 ; 跌倒風險 ; community older people ; health needs assessment ; independent needs ; risk of frailty ; risk of falls

期刊名称

護理雜誌

卷期/出版年月

63卷2期(2016 / 04 / 01)

页次

58 - 68

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

背景 老人健康照護為目前重要國家政策,探討老人健康需求的研究多以都會老人為主,較缺乏針對不同族群老人健康需求之比較研究。原住民與漢人在體質或社會文化發展背景皆有所差異,若能瞭解原、漢老人健康需求,可區隔不同健康照護服務供給,以有效應用健康照護資源,達到不同族群老人所需之健康照護。目的 本研究以全面性老人健康需求評估工具,比較原、漢老人健康需求之差異。方法 採橫斷式研究設計,依比例取樣選取社區65歲以上原、漢老人,以面對面訪談蒐集資料,使用益健社區老人健康需求評估工具於老人家中或社區活動中心進行資料收集。結果 總計收案原、漢老人共計180位,多數原、漢老人有一種以上慢性疾病、失能或虛弱情形。原住民老人在健康需求之不同面向與類別均顯著高於漢族老人。然而,在「居住和財務」、「社會參與及隔離」兩個面向,漢族老人之健康需求較原住民老人為高。迴歸分析發現,「獨立需求」、「衰弱風險」與「跌倒風險」三類別對原、漢老人整體健康需求皆有顯著影響(原住民老人R2 = 64.0%,漢族老人R2 = 69.6%),且三類別對原、漢老人整體健康需求影響有所差異。結論/實務應用 本研究比較原、漢老人健康需求之差異結果發現,原住民老人應從提高其獨立自我照顧能力,漢族老人應考量降低其衰弱風險著手,建議由社區健康服務提供者擬訂介入計畫,提供適合的健康照護服務,以提昇社區老人健康照護成效與品質。

英文摘要

Background: Providing healthcare to older people is an essential policy in Taiwan. Previous studies have assessed the health needs of older people residing in urban areas. Evidence related to the differences in healthcare needs between older aboriginal and older ethnic Chinese people in Taiwan is insufficient. As both groups exhibit mutually distinct physical and socio-cultural attributes, understanding their different health needs is necessary to provide tailored and effective healthcare. Purpose: To investigate the distinct health needs of older aboriginal and older ethnic Chinese using a comprehensive health-needs assessment tool. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Older people aged 65 or over were proportionally sampled from communities. The Elderly Assessment System Care Standard instrument was used to collect data through interviews held in participant homes or in community activity centers between October 20th and December 20th, 2011. Results: A total of 180 older people were recruited. A majority of participants had at least one chronic disease, disability, or frailty. Across a range of dimensions and categories of health needs, older aboriginal people had statistically significant higher health needs than non-aboriginal ones. However, older ethnic Chinese participants had higher levels of need in the domains of housing/financing and social participation/isolation. Regression analysis found that independence, risk of frailty, and risk of falls explained the majority of health needs, with R^2 values of 64% and 69.6% for older aboriginal and older ethnic Chinese participants, respectively. However, the respective impact of these three categories on overall health needs varied between the two groups. Conclusions / Implications for Practice: Based on our findings, healthcare providers should focus on improving the self-care capabilities of older aboriginal people and on reducing the risk of breakdowns in care for older ethnic Chinese people in order to enhance the quality of elderly care in Taiwan.

主题分类 醫藥衛生 > 預防保健與衛生學
醫藥衛生 > 社會醫學
参考文献
  1. 吳沄蓁、趙淑員(2010)。社區獨居老人的健康需求、需求滿意度及影響因素探討—以彰化縣某鄉鎮為例。弘光學報,36,44-64。
    連結:
  2. 李百麟(2009)。高齡者之生活滿意度與成功老化各因素關係之探討。危機管理學刊,6(2),25-38。
    連結:
  3. 張桂霖、張金鶚(2010)。老人居住安排與居住偏好之轉換:家庭價值與交換理論觀點的探討。人口學刊,40,41-90。
    連結:
  4. 張朝琴(2008)。貧窮與健康—社經地位與原住民族健康問題探析。嘉義大學通識學報,6,461-486。
    連結:
  5. 許志成、羅勻佐、徐瑱淳、許雅婷、羅慶徽(2007)。臺灣老人人口分佈與自覺健康之地區性差異。台灣家庭醫學雜誌,17(2),59-72。
    連結:
  6. 陳嫣芬、林晉榮(2006)。社區老人身體活動與生活品質相關之研究。體育學報,39(1),87-99。
    連結:
  7. 曾瀝儀、張金鶚、陳淑美(2006)。老人居住安排選擇—代間關係之探討。住宅學報,15(2),45-64。
    連結:
  8. 趙善如、樊台聖、李一靜、范慧華(2007)。原住民的人口特徵、健康相關行為與健康情形。醫護科技學刊,9(3),169-187。
    連結:
  9. Cavanagh, S., & Chadwick, K. (2005). Health needs assessment: A practical guide. Retrieved from https://www.urbanreproductivehealth.org/sites/mle/files/Health_Needs_Assessment_A_Practical_Guide.pdf
  10. World Health Organisation. (n.d.). Process of translation and adaptation of instruments. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/research_tools/translation/en/
  11. 衛生福利部統計處(2014,10月30日).民國102 年老人狀況調查. 取自http://www.mohw.gov.tw/cht/DOS/Statistic.aspx?f_list_no=312&fod_list_no=4695 [Statistics Department, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan, R.O.C. (2014, October 30). Survey report on the condition of senior citizens, 2013. Retrieved from http://www.mohw.gov.tw/cht/DOS/Statistic.aspx?f_list_no=312&fod_list_no=4695]
  12. 衛生福利部國民健康署(2014).民國一百年台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤(第七次)調查成果報告. 取自http://www.hpa.gov.tw/Bhpnet/Web/HealthTopic/TopicArticle.aspx?No=200712270017&parentid=200712270002 [Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan, ROC. (2014). 2011 Taiwan longitudinal study on aging survey report. Retrieved from http://www.hpa.gov.tw/Bhpnet/Web/HealthTopic/TopicArticle.aspx?No=200712270017&parentid=200712270002]
  13. 行政院原住民委員會(2015b).103 年台灣原住民經濟狀況調查.取自http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docDetail.html?CID=C5FBC20BD6C8A9B0&DID=0C3331F0EBD318C26CDB64C048198BF8 [Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, R.O.C. (2015b). Economic status survey of indigenous peoples, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docDetail.html?CID=C5FBC20BD6C8A9B0&DID=0C3331F0EBD318C26CDB64C048198BF8]
  14. 行政院原住民委員會(2015a).101 年原住民族人口及健康統計年報.取自http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docDetail. html?CID=217054CAE51A3B1A&DID=0C3331F0EBD318C268F4A83AF39C97D5 [Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, ROC. (2015a). Annual report on the indigenous population and health statistics in Taiwan, 2012. Retrieved from http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docDetail.html?CID=217054CAE51A3B1A&DID=0C3331F0EBD318C268F4A83AF39C97D5]
  15. 內政部統計處(2015,2月14日).104 年第7 週內政統計通報(103 年底原住民人口概況). 取自http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/news_content.aspx?sn=9235 [Department of Statistics, Ministry of the Interior, Taiwan, R.O.C. (2015, February 14). MOI statistics: Bulletin for the 7th week of 2015 (Indigenous population profile for 2014). Retrieved from http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/news_content.aspx?sn=9235]
  16. 內政部統計處(2015,11月30日).民國103 年原住民簡易生命表題要分析.取自http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/Life/103年原住民簡易生命表提要分析.pdf [Department of Statistics, Ministry of the Interior, Taiwan, R.O.C. (2015, November 30). 2014 indigenous population: Summary analysis of simple life table. Retrieved from http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/Life/103年原住民簡易生命表提要分析.pdf]
  17. Campbell, N. R. C.,McAlister, F. A.,Quan, H.,Hypertension Outcomes Research Task Force(2013).Monitoring and evaluating efforts to control hypertension in Canada: Why, how, and what it tells us needs to be done about current care gaps.Canadian Journal of Cardiology,29(5),564-570.
  18. Davis, H.,Philp, I.,Ritters, K.(2011).Easy-care: Improving the lives of older people through better assessment and response to their health and care needs.Bigger Societies, Smaller Governments,Kent County, UK.:
  19. Hart, C. R.,Berry, H. L.,Tonna, A. M.(2011).Improving the mental health of rural New South Wales communities facing drought and other adversities.Australian Journal of Rural Health,19(5),231-238.
  20. Lau, S. C.,Lee, L. L.,Lin, B. J.,Liu, Y. H.,Yu, S. M.,Tang, S. H.,Sheng, P. C.(2001).The health status of rural and urban ambulatory elderly in Taipei County.Chang Gung Medical Journal,24(8),492-501.
  21. LoGiudice, D. C.,Smith, K.,Atkinson, D.,Dwyer, A.,Lautenschlager, N.,Almeida, O. A.,Flicker, L.(2012).Preliminary evaluation of the prevalence of falls, pain and urinary incontinence in remote living Indigenous Australians over the age of 45 years.Internal Medicine Journal,42(6),e102-e107.
  22. Maple-Brown, L. J.,Cunningham, J.,Zinman, B.,Mamakeesick, M.,Harris, S. B.,Connelly, P. W.,Hanley, A. J.(2012).Cardiovascular disease risk profile and microvascular complications of diabetes: Comparison of indigenous cohorts with diabetes in Australia and Canada.Cardiovascular Diabetology,11(1),30.
  23. Philip, K. E.,Alizad, V.,Oates, A.,Donkin, D. B.,Pitsillides, C.,Syddall, S. P.,Philp, I.(2014).Development of EASYCare, for brief standardized assessment of the health and care needs of older people; with latest information about cross-national acceptability.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,15(1),42-46.
  24. Philp, I.(1997).Can a medical and social assessment be combined?.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine,90(32, Suppl.),11-13.
  25. Philp, I.,Lowles, R. V.,Armstrong, G. K.,Whitehead, C.(2002).Repeatability of standardized tests of functional impairment and well-being in older people in a rehabilitation setting.Disability and Rehabilitation,24(5),243-249.
  26. Sousa, L.,Galante, H.,Figueiredo, D.(2003).Quality of life and well-being of elderly people: An exploratory study in the Portuguese population.Revista de Saúde Pública Journal of Public Health,37(3),364-371.
  27. Tseng, C. H.(2006).Higher risk of hypertension in indigenous type 2 diabetic patients in Taiwan.Journal of Hypertens,24(9),1817-1821.
  28. 王冠今(2009)。臺北市=Taipei, ROC.,國立臺灣師範大學健康促進與衛生教育學系=National Taiwan Normal University。
  29. 王涵儀、楊哲銘、邱文達、陳正怡、郭家英(2006)。都會區集體住宅50歲以上居民之健康需求。北市醫學雜誌,702-712。
  30. 史麗珠、蔡玉霞、鄭學慧、涂慧慈、林琴玲、薛敏生、藍旻暉(2008)。高血壓控制的飲食衛教活動在都會原住民部落之成效。臺灣營養學會雜誌,33(3),97-107。
  31. 吳麗芬(2007)。周全性老人評估與護理。護理雜誌,54(6),61-66。
  32. 林佳臻、杜明燦、陳俊傑、陳宣志、顏啟華、李孟智(2013)。台灣地區老人自覺健康狀況相關因子之探討。台灣老年醫學暨老年學雜誌,8(2),75-89。
  33. 林淑緩、李玲玲、賴思穎、彭少貞(2013)。英國EASYCare Standard評估工具於台灣老人之應用初探。安泰醫護雜誌,19(4),51-62。
  34. 林淑緩(2013)。花蓮市=Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.,慈濟大學護理學研究所=Graduate Institude of Nursing, Tzu Chi University。
  35. 林麗嬋、吳肖琪、蔡誾誾、張淑卿(2010)。現行長期照護評估工具的問題與因應。長期照護雜誌,14(3),255-265。
  36. 胡愈寧、酈欽菁、李佳、林榮輝、胡國琦(2009)。老人各項日常生活活動功能與自評健康狀態之調查及相關性探討。台灣復健醫學雜誌,37(2),107-114。
  37. 唐翔威、林佩欣、鄭惠信、劉栩含、劉守莊、黃美涓(2008)。台灣地區不同健康狀況社區居住老年人下肢膝伸直肌力和三十秒坐站測試之間的關係。物理治療,33(5),287-293。
  38. 張軒睿、張尹凡、楊宜青、陳全裕、張秦松、杜嘉煒、吳至行(2010)。老化社區之老年女性跌倒及相關危險因子之流病調查。台灣老年醫學暨老年學雜誌,5(1),50-61。
  39. 陳施妮、孫嘉玲(2008)。獨居老人健康、生活功能與跌倒概況分析。長期照護雜誌,12(3),249-265。
  40. 陳靜敏(2009)。護理引領老人健康照護。源遠護理,3(1),5-10。
  41. 楊惠如、呂桂雲、陳宇嘉、張永源(2006)。社區獨居老人健康狀況與長期照護需求研究。實證護理,2(3),229-240。
  42. 蕭伃伶、陳靜敏(2004)。原住民部落長期照護資源使用障礙評估-以花東新村為例。新臺北護理期刊,6(2),73-85。
  43. 蕭伃伶、劉淑娟、謝佳容、曾櫻枝、陳靜敏(2006)。原住民部落長期照護資源使用現況調查—以苗栗縣泰安鄉為例。社區長期照護季刊,3,45-62。
  44. 薛承泰(2008)。台灣家庭變遷與老人居住型態: 現況與未來。社區發展季刊,121,47-56。
  45. 魏大森(2008)。老人跌倒的篩檢與評估。台灣老年醫學暨老年學雜誌,3(2),91-105。
  46. 蘇秀華(2010)。南投=Nantou, Taiwan, ROC.,南開科技大學福祉科技與服務管理所=Nan Kai University of Technology。
被引用次数
  1. 黃源協,莊俐昕(2019)。原住民族幸福感之研究:對原住民族社會政策與社會工作的意涵。臺大社會工作學刊,39,105-151。
  2. 温淑美,鄭立渝,楊南屏,邱福順,林玉祥,江莉婷(2023)。科技與醫療結合應用於偏鄉原住民社區:豐濱模式。醫學與健康期刊,12(2),117-127。