Species in a Planetary Frame: Eco-cosmopolitanism, Nationalism, and "The Cove"

全球架構下的物種：生態世界主義，國族主義與《血色海灣》

10.6184/TKR.201206_42(2).0002

Neel Ahuja

環境主義 ； 世界主義 ； 日本 ； 海豚 ； 國際捕鯨委員會 ； environmentalism ； cosmopolitanism ； Japan ； dolphins ； International Whaling Commission

Tamkang Review

42卷2期（2012 / 06 / 01）

13 - 32

英文

本文主張，因全球對於環境與動物福祉的關懷所導致的國際政治僵局，爭取動物代表權的批判議題在這個脈絡中將面臨嚴峻的難題。藉由分析路易斯‧普斯霍約斯二○○九年的奧斯卡最佳紀錄片《血色海灣》，本文認為人們對於在倫理與道德層面上建立動物生命權的嘗試也面臨了一直存在的在地與全球、特殊和普遍之間的緊張關係，而這個張力遏制了《血色海灣》對於國族主義默許跨物種暴力的強烈批判。因此我們需要一個同時對物種與國族兩者更細膩詳盡的批判，強調物種之間的徹底滲透以及生態運動的跨國族特色，才能夠解消世界主義式的政治計畫下（包括環境主義）規範性的人類化。

This essay argues that the critical project of bringing animals into representation encounters particular difficulties in the context of the international political impasse over global environmental and animal welfare concerns. Analyzing Louis Psihoyos' 2009 Oscar-winning documentary film ”The Cove”, the essay contends that attempts to establish ethical and affective claims for animal life encounter a familiar tension between local and global, particular and universal, that works to contain the film's compelling critiques of nationalism's authorization of transpecies violence. The essay suggests instead that a more elaborated critique of both species and nation, which would emphasize the radical interpenetration of species and the transnational character of ecological movements, is necessary to undo the normative humanization of cosmopolitan political projects including environmentalism.

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