四種台灣產造林木之組織構造變異性

The Variations of Anatomical Structure of Four Plantation Tree Species Grown in Taiwan

10.6561/FPI.1992.11(1).4

吳順昭(Shuen-Chao Wu)；官素合(Suh-Her Guan)；堯明才(Ming-Chai Yau)

柳杉 ； 杉木 ； 泡桐 ； 山黃麻 ； Japanese-fir ； China-fir ； Fortune's paulownia ； Indian charcoal trema

林產工業

11卷1期（1992 / 03 / 01）

41 - 61

繁體中文

本研究係探討四種省產造林木，柳杉、杉木、泡桐及山黃麻基本組織構造之變異性。比重以柳杉最大，杉木次之，山黃麻再次之，泡桐為最小。比重在橫向之變異，柳杉和泡桐為由髓心往樹皮方向先增加再遞減；杉木與山黃麻則由髓心向樹皮方向遞增。在縱向之變異，四樹種皆由樹幹基部往樹梢方向呈不規則遞增。針葉樹材之柳杉和杉木管胞直徑均以早材徑向為最大，而管胞直徑，杉木大於柳杉；管胞壁厚度杉木早材與晚材皆大於柳杉者。闊葉樹材之泡桐和山黃麻導管直徑均以徑向略大於弦向，導管直徑與纖維直徑泡桐均大於山黃麻，而導管節長度山黃麻大於泡桐；纖維細胞壁厚度泡桐大於山黃麻。闊葉樹組織佔有比率，泡桐以縱向薄壁細胞發達佔有17~40%強，但山黃麻只佔0.61%，在闊葉樹中屬含量極少數者。在橫向之變異，細胞直徑和細胞壁厚度由髓心往樹皮方向遞增。在縱向之變異，則樹幹基部較大往樹稍方向遞減。組織佔有比率則無特殊變異情形。

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the variations of anatomical structure of Japanese-fir, China-fir, Fortune's paulownia and Indian charcoal trema in longitudinal and transverse directions. Average specific gravity displays the largest in Japanese-fir, China-fir the second, Indian charcoal trema the third, and Fortune's paulownia shows the smallest. The specific gravities increase from pith outwardly till certain point in Fortune's paulownia and Japanese-fir, and then decreases toward the bark. Those in China-fir and Indian charcoal trema increase from pith to the bark. In longitudinal direction, increase irregularly with tree height in all 4 species. Earlywood tracheid shows wider diameter than latewood tracheid in the radial direction in both Japanese-fir and China-fir. The average diameter of China-fir tracheid is greater than that of Japanese-fir. The radial diameter of vessel is slightly larger than the tangential diameter in Fortune's paulownia and Indian charcoal trema. Fortune's paulownia contains abundant parenchyma ranging from 17% to 40% in the volume, while Indian charcoal trema shows only 0.61% parenchyma. The cell diameter and wall thickness increase from pith to the bark in transverse direction, and decrease from base to the top in longitudinal direction. On the other hand, tissue percentage indicates no specific type of variation.