集水區不同土地利用逕流與冲蝕之研究

A Study on Runoff and soil Erosion under Different Land Uses of Watershed

10.29417/JCSWC.198711_18(2).0010

盧惠生(Hui-sheng Lu)；林壯沛(Jaung-pey Lin)；陸象豫(Shiang-yue Lu)

集水區 ； 逕流 ； 土壤冲蝕 ； Watershed ； Runoff ； Soil erosion

中華水土保持學報

18卷2期（1987 / 11 / 01）

112 - 121

繁體中文

本省自然環境特殊，雨量充沛，集水區稍有不當之開發與利用，極易引起大量水土流失。本研究乃以野外模擬降雨設備，測定本省中部上游集水區不同土地利用逕流與冲蝕。依據試驗結果得知，逕流量由小至大排列次序：天然針濶葉林、草生地、竹林、砍伐跡地、果園、杉木造林地、裸露地。土壤冲蝕量以裸露地較爲顯著，其他試區因地表植生覆蓋與敷蓋影響，土壤冲蝕甚微。又以野外模擬降雨設備測定逕流與冲蝕，因試區面積受到限制，影響試驗結果之代表性，故此類研究似應以試驗集水區或代表性集水區方法進行觀測，所得結果較爲可靠準確。

In addition to unfavorable natural conditions such as steep slopes, week geological formations and high intensity rainfall, unappropriate land use is an important factor in contributing to the occurrence of runoff and soil erosion in Taiwan. By applying rainfalls of selected intensities from a simulator to runoff plots with various ground covers, this study was conducted in 1986 to deterimine runoff and soil erosion in central Taiwan. Based on the results, the ranking, in increasing order, of plots with different land uses according to the amount of runoff generated are as follows: natural forest, grass land, bamboo plantation, deforested land, orchard, China fir plantation, bare land. With the exception of the bare land plot, the amount of soil erosion is very minimal. It should be noted that the runoff plots used in this study are small in size. Therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution. It is suggested that runoff and erosion studies in the future be conducted using experimental or representative watersheds as the natural land units to provide information with more application value.