台灣地區區域性設計雨型建立之研究

Study on the Establishment of Regional Design Hyetographs in Taiwan

10.29417/JCSWC.201009_41(3).0008

陳儒賢(Lu-Hsien Chen)；許臣王(Chen-Wang Hsu)

區域性設計雨型 ； 自組織映射圖 ； 主成分分析 ； regional design hyetograph ； self-organizing map ； principal components analysis

中華水土保持學報

41卷3期（2010 / 09 / 01）

277 - 284

繁體中文

本文之主要目的在於建立台灣地區之區域性設計雨型，以便利拖工地點設計雨型之決定。首先，針對全台灣174個雨量測站之單站設計雨型進行主成分分析，總共擷取累積解釋百分比達90%以上之五個主要成分，再加上雨量測站之三項地文因子作爲自組織映射圖(self-organizing map, SOM)網路之輸入項。由SOM網路之二維密度圖可知，174個雨量測站可分爲19個群集，亦即可將台灣地區劃分成19個均一性區域。最後，根據分群結果劃定設計雨型之均一性區域，再經由主成分反轉求得代表該區域之區域性設計雨型。各區域所求得之設計雨型經比較後發現，其在尖峰降雨時间及尖峰降雨量的表現上有顯著差異。再者，本研究所建立之區域性設計雨型，工程使用時可依其施工地點查詢均一性區域圖，即可得知所隸屬區域之區域性設計雨型，使用上相當便利。

The purpose of this study is to establish regional design hyetographs in Taiwan for facilitating the determination of design hyetographs. First, the design hyetographs at 174 gauges in Taiwan are analyzed using principal components analysis. It is found the first five principal components explain over 90% of the information. Based on the transformed data resulting from PCA and the three geographic characters of the gauges, a self-organizing map (SOM) is used to group the rain gauges into specific clusters. According to the two-dimensional density map, one can find the rain gauges can be grouped into 19 clusters. Finally, the areas for these 19 clusters of design hyetographs are delineated for Taiwan. Then the regional design hyetographs are proposed. The results show the peak time and peak rainfalls of the regional design hyetographs for the 19 clusters greatly differ. Moreover, it is convenient that the regional design hyetographs can be obtained by reading the homogeneous regions map.

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