西台灣強降雨誘發崩塌規模與區位之特性分析

Characteristic Analysis of Landslide Scale and Location Induced by Heavy Rainfall in Taiwan

10.29417/JCSWC.201303_44(1).0004

陳樹群(Su-Chin Chen)；郭靜苓(Ching-Ling Kuo)；吳俊鋐(Chun-Hung Wu)

石門水庫集水區 ； 大甲溪集水區 ； 高屏溪集水區 ； 強降雨 ； 崩塌特性 ； Shihmen watershed ； Dajia watershed ； Kaoping watershed ； heavy rainfall ； landslide characteristic

中華水土保持學報

44卷1期（2013 / 03 / 01）

34 - 49

繁體中文

由北、中、南三個集水區於2004年敏督利及艾利颱風事件產生的崩塌歸納出，崩塌集中在坡度30°至60°，崩塌比分別為6.12%、43.52%及50.53%，而0.43%，2.09%及0.38%的下邊坡崩塌比顯示河岸淘刷造成小規模崩塌快速提升是近年台灣崩塌明顯特性。石門水庫及高屏溪中上游集水區以降雨誘發淺層小崩塌為主，大甲溪中上游則為超過50°以上的陡坡崩塌，但卻是地震殘餘影響及破碎地質所引發。2009年莫拉克颱風前後高屏溪集水區的崩塌地變化，顯示位於高累積降雨量之凹谷地形乃是崩塌地擴大之主要地區。

In recent years, rainfall-induced landslides in Taiwan have been centralized in hillslope areas with slopes of 30°-60°. Moreover, based on the analysis of landslides caused by typhoons Mindulle and Aere in 2004 in three watersheds in northern, central, and southern Taiwan, increasing cases of small landslides have mainly been induced by the scour during floods. The major inducing factor for the landslides in the Shihmen watershed and Kaoping upstream watersheds was heavy rainfall. In contrast, the main factors in the upstream of the Dajia river watershed were the influence of 1999 Chichi earthquake, the fragile geology and the steep slope. The landslide ratio caused by Typhoon Morakot in 2009 in the upstream of the Kaoping watershed was around 7.3%, and the serious landslide cases with expanding areas were mainly located in areas with concave topography and high accumulated rainfall.

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