挺水植物根系發展對濱水地區土壤沖蝕之影響

Effects of Emergent Vegetation Root Development on Soil Erosion in Riparian Regions

10.29417/JCSWC.201906_50(2).0001

王咏潔(Yung-Chieh Wang)；陳登詠(Deng-Yong Chen)；許家銓(Chia-Chuan Hsu)

土壤沖蝕 ； 挺水植物 ； 根系長度 ； 雷射掃描地形 ； Soil erosion ； emergent vegetation ； root system length ； laser-scanned topography

中華水土保持學報

50卷2期（2019 / 06 / 01）

41 - 48

繁體中文

本研究進行種植四種挺水植物的植物區與裸露土壤區的沖蝕實驗，以雷射掃描分析地形變化及沖蝕量，洗根測量瞭解植物根系發展情況，用以探討挺水植物對濱水區土壤沖蝕之影響。結果顯示，單葉鹹草有最佳存活率，且根系最長。在種植香蒲、單葉鹹草及水丁香之試區與裸露區相比都能減少沖蝕量；且單葉鹹草及水丁香區沖蝕量低，植物根系長，抗沖蝕能力較佳。考量植物存活率，單葉鹹草應適合推廣作為改善濱水區土壤沖蝕之植生復育工法物種。

In this study, erosion experiments were conducted using vegetated plots with four species of emergent vegetation and bare-soil plots in a recirculating flume. To investigate the effects of emergent vegetation on soil erosion in riparian regions, erosion topography and eroded soil mass were obtained using laser-scanned images, and root system development of the emergent plants was analyzed by measuring root parameters after the root washing process. The results showed that Cyperus malaccensis (i.e., shortleaf galingale) demonstrated the highest survival rate and developed the longest root system. The vegetated plots with Typha orientalis (oriental cat-tail), C. malaccensis, and Ludwigia octovalvis (lantern seedbox (H)) exhibited smaller eroded soil masses than did the bare-soil plots. C. malaccensis and L. octovalvis exhibited higher erosion resistance than the other species because the vegetated plots with these species exhibited less soil loss than the plots with the other species, and the plants exhibited greater development of root systems than the other species. Considering the survival rate, C. malaccensis was the most suitable species among the four species for increasing erosion resistance of riverbanks in riparian regions.

1. Bywater-Reyes, S.,Wilcox, A.C.,Stella, J.C.,Lightbody, A.F.(2015).Flow and scour constraints on uprooting of pioneer woody seedlings.Water Resources Research,51(11),9190-9206.
2. Hung, C.Y.(2011).Taipei, Taiwan,National Taiwan University.
3. Lee, J.K.,Roig, L.C.,Jenter, H.L.,Visser, H.M.(2004).Drag coefficients for modeling flow through emergent vegetatio0n in the Florida Everglades.Ecological Engineering,22,237-248.
4. Ni, W.J.,Capart, H.(2006).Groundwater drainage and recharge by networks of irregular channels.Journal of Geophysical Research,111,F02014.
5. Tang, H.W.,Wang, H.,Liang, D.F.,Lv, S.Q.,Yana, L.(2013).Incipient motion of sediment in the presence of emergent rigid vegetation.Journal of Hydro-environment Research,7(3),202-208.
6. Yagci, O.,Celik, M.F.,Kitsikoudis, V.,Ozgur Kirca, V.S.,Hodoglu, C.,Valyrakis, M.,Duran, Z.,Kaya, S.(2016).Scour patterns around isolated vegetation elements.Advances in Water Resources,97,251-265.
7. 王忖, C.,王超, C.(2010)。含挺水植物和沉水植物水流紊動特性。水科學進展，21(6)，816-822。
8. 林信輝, S.H.(2007).水生植物手冊.行政院農業委員會水土保持局=Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan.
9. 林俊全, J.C.(1995)。泥岩邊坡發育模式之研究。地理學報，18，45-58。
10. 徐少君, S.J.,曾波, B.(2008)。三峽庫區 5 種耐水淹植物根系增強土壤抗侵蝕效能研究。水土保持學報，22(6)，13-18。
11. 徐少君, S.J.,曾波, B.,類淑桐, S.T.(2016)。三峽庫區幾種耐水淹植物根系力學特徵與土壤抗剪強度。湖北農業科學，18，4664-4670。
12. 陳登詠, D.Y.,王咏潔, Y.C.(2018)。真實挺水植物與人工材料模擬植物之沖蝕試驗研究。水土保持學報，50(1)，2350-2361。
13. 趙連權, L.Q.,白曉華, X.H.,李豐超, F.C.,關志成, Z.C.,侯秀麗, X.L.(2012)。天然挺水植物明渠三维紊流特性研究。水電能源科學，30，90-92。
14. 盧立霞, L.X.,曾波, B.(2006)。三峽庫區嘉陵江岸生優勢鬚根系植物根系對土壤抗冲性的增強效應研究。西南師範大學學報 (自然科學版)，31(3)，157-161。