八掌溪上游河段岩盤沖刷河床演變之模擬

Simulation of Rock Bed Scours in the Upper Reach of Pachang River

10.29417/JCSWC.202003_51(1).0003

謝慧民(Hui-Ming Hsieh)

岩盤沖刷 ； NETSTARS ； 固床工 ； 沖淤模擬 ； Rock bed scouring ； NETSTARS ； check dam ； erosion-deposition simulation

中華水土保持學報

51卷1期（2020 / 03 / 01）

21 - 33

繁體中文

八掌溪仁義潭攔河堰下游有軟岩沖刷問題，特別是斷面94到9732（心上橋）之間的河床，雖然有設置固床工抗沖刷，仍然有些河段有岩盤裸露的問題，岩床經過一段時間風化後導致下次洪水後又加深侵蝕河床，為了模擬此狀況，本研究利用NETSTARS模式新增之兩種岩盤沖刷功能，以八掌溪15年的水文資料及實測河床斷面進行模擬。發現其模擬結果確實比一般沖刷模擬結果更符合實測河床變動數據。本文採用誤差評估參數評估兩者精度，模擬結果發現考慮懸浮載的公式組合時最佳。

Soft-rock erosion in the lower reaches of the Renyitan weir in the Pachang River is a problem, particularly in the riverbed between cross-sections 94 and 9732 (Xinshang Bridge). Anti-scouring check dams had been built, but exposed rock plates in some river sections remain problematic. Erosion of the rock riverbed could deepen after the next flood and subsequent period of weathering. To simulate this situation, this study used two types of rock bed scouring function in the NETSTARS (Network of Sediment Transport Model for Alluvial River Simulation) model. This special erosion-deposition simulation was executed with 15 years of hydrological data and riverbed sections of the Pachang River. The simulation results of both functions were better fitted to the riverbed variation of field data than were the general erosion-deposition simulation results. In this study, an error evaluation parameter was used to evaluate the accuracy of both functions, and the simulation that considered the suspension composition in the formula produced better results.

1. 謝慧民, H.M.,李鴻源, H.Y.,李逢春, F.C.(2011)。河川輸砂模式數位學習網站建置之研究。數位學習科技期刊，3(1)，62-85。
   連結：
2. Annadale, G.W.(2006).Scour Technology, Mechanics and Engineering Practice.New York:McGraw Hill.
3. Bitter, J.G.A.(1963).A study of erosion phenomena, part I.Wear,6,5-21.
4. Bitter, J.G.A.(1963).A study of erosion phenomena, part II.Wear,6,169-190.
5. Foley, M.G.(1980).Bedrock incision by streams.Geological Society of America Bulletin, Part II,91,2189-2213.
6. Hancock, G.S.,Anderson, R.S.,Whipple, K.X.(1998).Beyond power bedrock incision process and form.Rivers over Rock: Fluvial Process in Bedrock Channels,Washington:
7. Holly, F.M.,Rahuel, J.L.(1990).New numerical/physical framework for mobile-bed modelling, part I: numerical and physical principles.Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR,28(4),401-416.
8. Holly, F.M.,Yang, J.C.,Schovarz, P.,Scheefer, J.,Hsu, S.H.,Einhellig, R.(1990).IIHR ReportIIHR Report,Iowa City, Iowa, USA:The University of Iowa.
9. Holly, F.M.,Yang, J.C.,Spasojevic, M.(1985).Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, Limited Distribution ReportIowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, Limited Distribution Report,Iowa City, Iowa, USA:The University of Iowa.
10. Howard, A.D.,Kerby, G.(1983).Channel changes in badlands.Geological Society of American Bulletin,94,739-752.
11. Hsieh, H.M.,Luo, C.R.,Yang, J.C.,Chen, R.F.(2013).Numerical study of the effects of check dams on erosion and sedimentation in the Pachang River.International Journal of Sediment Research (IJSR),28(3),304-315.
12. Huang, J.,Greimann, B.P.(2007).User’s Manual for SRH-1D 2.0. Bureau of Reclamation.Technical Service Center.
13. Karim, M.F.,Kenndy, J.F.(1982).Iowa Institute of Hydraluic ResearchIowa Institute of Hydraluic Research,Iowa, USA:The University of Iowa.
14. Kirsten, H.A.D.(1983).A Classification System for Excavation in Natural Materials.the Civil Engineer in South Africa,25(3)
15. Lamb, P.,Michael, D.E.,William, S.S.L.(2008).A model for fluvial bedrock incision by impacting suspended and bed load sediment.Journal of Geophysical Res.,113,F03025.
16. Lee, H.Y.,Hsieh, H.M.(2003).Numerical Simulations of Scour and Deposition in a Channel Network.International Journal of Sediment Research,18(1),32-49.
17. Lee, H.Y.,Hsieh, H.M.,Yang, J.C.,Yang, C.T.(1997).Quasi-Two-Dimensional Simulation of Scour and Deposition in Alluvial Channels.Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,123(7),600-609.
18. Li, R.M.,Mussetter, R.A.,Grindeland, T.R.(1988).,Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data.
19. Molinas, A.,Yang, C.T.(1986).Computer Program User’s Manual for GSTARS.Denver, Colorado:U.S. Department of Interior Bureau of Reclamation Engineering and Research Center.
20. Orvis, C.J.,Randle, T.J.(1987).STARS: sediment transport and river simulation model, Technical Guideline, Bureau of Reclamation.U.S. Department of Interior.
21. Sklar, L.,Dietrich, W.E.(1998).River longitudinal profiles and bedrock incision models: stream power and the influence of sediment supply.Rivers over Rock: Fluvial Process in Bedrock Channels,Washington:
22. Sklar, Leonard S.,Dietrich, William E.(2004).A mechanistic model for river incision into bedrock by saltating bed load.Water Resources Research,40(6),063011-0630121.
23. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers(1993).HEC-6 Scour and Deposition in Rivers and Reservoirs User’s Manual.Hydrologic Engineering Center=HEC.
24. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers(2006).HEC-RAS River Analysis System User’s Manual Version 4.0 Beta.Hydrologic Engineering Center.
25. Whipple, K.X.,Hancock, G.S.,Andersion, R.S.(2000).Mechanics and relative efficacy of plucking abrasion, and cavitation.Geological Society of America Bulletin,112(3),490-503.
26. Whipple, K.X.,Snyder, N.P.,Dollenmayer, K.(2000).Rate and processes of bedrock incision by the upper Ukak River since the 1912 Novarupta ash flow in the valley of ten thousand smokes, Alaska.Geology,28(9),835-838.
27. 王筱雯, H.W.,謝慧民, H.M.,羅冠名, G.M.(2014)。NETSTARS 模式加入橋墩沖刷功能之研究─以八掌溪為例。中華水土保持學報，45(2)，128-139。
28. 朱榮林, R.L.,蔡逢春, F.C.(1963)。挑流沖刷若干問題的探討及沖刷深度估算公式的比較。水利水電科學研究院科學研究論文集（第 3 集）
29. 林得志, D.Z.(2011)。攔河堰下游掏刷問題。台灣省水利技師公會水利會訊，14，29-37。
30. 張文勅, W.H.(2004)。國立成功大學水利及海洋工程研究所=Department of Water Resources and Ocean Engineering, National Cheng Kung University。
31. 經濟部水利署水利規劃試驗所=Water Conservancy Planning and Test Institute of the Water Resources Department of the Ministry of Economic Affairs(2006).八掌溪仁義潭（攔河堰）下游沖河段治理方案之研析.
32. 蔡文豪, W.H.,謝國正, G.Z.,張東宸, D.Z.(2010)。台灣攔河堰下游河道沖淤課題新思維。中興工程季刊，108，106-113。
33. 謝慧民, H.M.(2019)。台灣首府大學資訊與多媒體設計學系研究報告台灣首府大學資訊與多媒體設計學系研究報告,未出版
34. 謝慧民, H.M.(2013)。台灣首府大學資訊與多媒體設計學系研究報告台灣首府大學資訊與多媒體設計學系研究報告,未出版
35. 謝慧民, H.M.(1996)。Taiwan, ROC，國立台灣大學土木工程學研究所=National Taiwan University。
36. 謝慧民, H.M.,李鴻源, H.Y.,黃淑金, S.J.,陳伯飛, B.F.(2004)。致遠管理學院資訊管理學系研究報告致遠管理學院資訊管理學系研究報告,未出版
37. 謝慧民, H.M.,李鴻源, H.Y.,簡子硯, T.Y.,黃建豪, J.H.(2004)。致遠管理學院資訊管理學系研究報告致遠管理學院資訊管理學系研究報告,未出版