Evaluation of Efficacy of Four Pediculicides against Head Louse (Pediculus Capitis) Infestation

四種頭蝨藥物療效之評估

10.6452/KJMS.199205.0255

范秉真(Ping-Chin Fan)；鍾文政(Wen-Cheng Chung)；郭鍾隆(Chung-Lung Kuo)；林君勇(Chun-Yung Lin)；許須美(Hsu-Mei Hsu)；莊徵華(Cheng-Hua Chuang)；周欽賢(Ching-Yen Chow)

efficacy ； pediculicides ； Pediculus capitis

The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences

8卷5期（1992 / 05 / 01）

255 - 265

英文

為評估四種頭蝨藥物之最低有效劑量及選擇一種較安全、有效、實用及價廉者，在雲林縣四湖、口湖及古坑鄉25所國民小學1,657位學童進行治療，一週後複檢1,611人，總治癒率73%，男生治癒率（84%）較女生（71%）為高。百滅寧（Permethrin 1%）乳劑平均治癒率81%，每管（56公克）治療1、2、3及4人之治癒率依次為87%、83%、81%及71%。撲藥噴霧劑（Para aerosol 0.66%）平均治癒率78%。每管（90公克）治療30及40人之治療率依次為87%及70%。必力滅蝨（Prioderm/Malathion 1%）乳劑平均治癒率64%，每管（40公克）用於10、15及20人之治癒依次為74%、71%及52%。必去蝨（Delice/γ-BHC 1%）乳劑平均治癒率71%，每包（10 ml）用於1及2人之治癒率依次為76%及64%。在256位受染女生中，被發現感染頭蝨1-10隻181（80%）人，感染11-50隻33（15%）人，感染51-100隻7（3%）人，及感染100隻以上5（2%）人。在採集2,160隻頭蝨中，1,788（83%）隻為稚蟲、284（13%）為雌蝨、88（4%）為雄蝨。每位受染女生之平均頭蝨數為10隻（1-137隻）。根據目前研究之結果，治癒率較低之原因可能由於女生頭髮較長。在比較上，百滅寧療效最高（81%），惟價格較貴（NT$ 120/人），依次為撲樂噴務劑（78%及NT$ 7.2/人），必去蝨防治的經濟效益上，撲樂噴務劑較佳。

To evaluate the efficacy and to determine the minimum effective dosage of four pediculicides against head louse infestation, all well as to select a safe, effective, practical, and cheap agent, 1,657 infested school children in 25 primary schools in Szu-Hu, Kou-Hu, and Ku-Keng Districts of Yunlin County were treated and 1,611 of them were examined. The overall cure rate was 73% and the rate for boys (84%) was higher than that for girls (71%). The cure rate of Nix (permethrin 1%) cream rinse was 81%. The cure rate for single dosages of 1, 2, 3 and 4 cases/tube (56 gm/tube) was 87%, 83%, 81% and 71%, respectively. The cure rate of Para aerosol (bioallethrine 0.66%) was 78%. The cure rate for single dosages of 30 and 40 cases/tube (90 gm/tube) was 87% and 70%, respectively. The cure rate of Prioderm (malathion 1%) cream shampoo was 64%. The cure rate for single dosages of 10, 15 and 20 cases/tube (40 gm/tube) was 74%, 71% and 52%, respectively. The cure rate of Delice (1% gamma benzene hexachloride) was 71%. The cure rate for single dosages of 5 and 10 ml/case was 64% and 76%, respectively. Of the 226 infested girls, 181 (80%) were found to be infested with 1-10 head lice, 33 (15%) with 11-50 lice, 7 (3%) with 51-100 lice and 5 (2%) with over 100 lice. Of the 2,160 head lice collected, 1,788 (83%) were nymphs, 284 (13%) females, and 88 (4%) males. The mean number of head lice in each infested girl was 10 (range 1-137). The low cure rates obtained in the present study amy be due to the fact that many school girl & have long hair. In comparison, Nix had the highest cure rate (81%) but the highest price (NT$ 120/case). The cure rate and price of Para aerosol (78%, NT$ 7.2/case) and Delice (71%, NT$ 16.7/case) came next. Prioderm (64%, NT$ 10.0/case) had the lowest rate and a slight loffensive smell. Preliminary trials show that based on the cost-effectiveness, Para aerosol is best in head louse infestation control.