機構老人低自尊概念分析

Concept Analysis of the Low Self-Esteem of Elderly Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities

10.6142/VGHN.202103_38(1).0005

溫芯寧(Hsin-Sing Wen)；宋聖芬(Sheng-Fen Sung)；吳宏蘭(Hung-Lan Wu)

長照機構 ； 老人 ； 低自尊 ； 概念分析 ； long-term care facility ； elderly adults ； low self-esteem ； concept analysis

榮總護理

38卷1期（2021 / 03 / 01）

47 - 53

繁體中文

老人自尊與其心理及靈性健康息息相關，影響老人的自信心及面對生活的積極度，而機構老人容易有低自尊感受，對健康及生活品質有不良影響。本文運用Walker及Avant（2011）建議的概念分析步驟，統整相關文獻，歸納機構老人低自尊之定義性特徵為：（一）對自己持負向的看法；（二）缺乏自信心及自我肯定；（三）被動且消極的生活參與態度；（四）孤獨、悲傷、被遺棄等負向情緒。衰弱、家庭和社會支持改變、角色功能改變等因素會影響機構老人的自尊，進而造成老人適應力下降、憂鬱或自我傷害、生活滿意度下降等問題。藉由瞭解老人低自尊原因及評估方式，提早發現其心理、社會及靈性之健康問題，透過適當的介入措施，以提升老人自尊程度，增進其心靈健康，進而提升生活品質和生活滿意度。

Self-esteem is closely associated with the mental and spiritual health of elderly adults; it influences their confidence and attitudes toward life. Moreover, elderly adults who live in long-term care facilities are vulnerable to problems arising from low self-esteem, which influence their health and quality of life. This research performed concept analysis, as proposed by Walker and Avant in 2011, to analyze the concept of low self-esteem in elderly adults. The attributes of this concept were as follows: (1) negative feelings toward oneself, (2) lack of confidence and self-affirmation, (3) passive and negative attitudes toward life, and (4) negative feelings such as loneliness, sadness, and a sense of abandonment. The antecedents were frailty, changes in familial and social support, and role changes. The consequences were depression, self-harming behavior, low adaptability, and poor quality of life. The results of the analysis might provide professional caregivers with a better understanding of low self-esteem in elderly adults. Appropriate assessments and measures could subsequently be implemented to improve the psychological and spiritual health, self-esteem, quality of life, and life satisfaction of elderly adults who live in long-term care facilities.

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