台灣新開放銀行成本效率與金融環境關係之探討

The Impact of the Financial Environment on Cost Efficiencies of Taiwan New Banks

10.29735/SJEB.200603.0004

徐啟升(Chi-Sheng Hsu)；林灼榮(Jwu-Rong Lin)；蔡顯宗(Shian-Tzung Tsai)

新開放銀行 ； 成本效率 ； 金融環境 ； 逾放比 ； Taiwan New Banks ； Cost Efficiency ； Financial Environment ； Non-Performing Loan Ratio

東吳經濟商學學報

52期（2006 / 03 / 01）

93 - 116

繁體中文

本文旨在探討台灣15家新開放銀行，在民國83年至90年間之成本效率，並進一步分析內部金融環境（董監事持股比率、分行數及逾放比）、外部金融環境（市場份額、總退票率及總逾放比）與成本效率之互動關係。實證結果顯示：(1)台灣新開放銀行之平均成本效率約為1.089，顯示尚有9%之成本節省空間。(2)就內部金融環境觀之，董監事持股比率愈高，將顯著提高銀行之成本效率，顯示公司治理對台灣新開放銀行之重要性。(3)時間參數在邊界模型中，皆不具顯著影響力；顯示台灣新開放銀行並沒有顯著發揮技術進步效果。(4)就外部金融環境觀之，市場份額愈低與總逾放比愈高，將造成新開放銀行之逾放比顯著惡化；另外，總退票率及總逾放比提高，亦將顯著不利於新開放銀行之成本效率。(5)由因果關係檢定結果，顯示各銀行之成本效率對逾放比呈現單向因果關係且不存在反饋效果。(6)整合本文之實證結果，發現台灣新開放銀行成本效率之降低與不良債權之惡化，主要受到董監事持股比率、市場份額、總退票率及總逾放比等內外金融環境因素之影響；且發現若要改善成本效率，則須承受逾放比提高之風險。

This paper estimates the cost efficiencies of fifteen Taiwan New Banks between 1994 and 2001. We further examine the interaction between financial environment, measured by internal financial environment variables (insider ownership, the number of branches, and non-performing loan ratio) and external financial environment variables (market share, total dishonored ratio of checks and bills, and total non-performing loan), and cost efficiencies. The empirical results show that: (1) The average cost efficiency of Taiwan New Banks is 1.089, indicating there exists about nine percent of cost inefficiency to be improved. (2) Tests on the internal financial environment variables show that the higher percentage of insider ownership, the higher cost efficiency of the New Bank. (3) The test on the time variable shows that the New Banks did not have technical change effects. (4) Tests on the external financial environment variables show that high total dishonored ratio and high total non-performing loan ratio would have negative effects on the cost efficiencies of the New Banks. (5) Granger-causality tests indicate that there is a one-directional casual relation, but not feedback effect, between cost efficiencies and non-performing loan ratios of the News Banks. (6) Overall, we find that the percentage of insider ownership, total non-performing loan ratio, and total dishonored ratio of checks and bills are the major factors that cause the low cost efficiencies of Taiwan New Banks. In addition, should the New Banks try to improve cost efficiencies, they have to bear the risk of increasing the non-performing loan ratio.

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