中國大陸審計收費定價－深圳交易所上市公司之實證研究

The Pricing of Audit Services for China Listed Company-Evidence from Shenzhen Stock Exchange

10.29735/SJEB.200812.0001

蔡玉琴(Yu-Chin Tsai)；倪伯煌(Bor-Hwang Ni)；黃美珠(Mei-Chu Huang)；廖麗敏(Grace Li-Min Liao)

審計公費 ； 深圳交易所 ； Audit fee ； Shenzhen Stock Exchange

東吳經濟商學學報

63期（2008 / 12 / 01）

1 - 27

繁體中文

鑒於2001年12月24日中國大陸證券監督管理委員會頒布了《公開發行證券的公司信息披露規範問答第6號－支付會計師事務所報酬及其披露》，首次明確要求上市公司在年度報告中將支付給會計師事務所的報酬作為重要事項加以揭露，並於2001年度財務報告首次適用。本文以2001年至2004年中國大陸深圳交易所上市公司年報所揭露的公開審計公費相關資料為研究對象，共計收集1474個有效樣本，深入探討審計公費的影響因素，期能為中國大陸在會計師事務所脫鈎改制後的審計市場建立一個審計公費定價模型，捕捉上市公司審計公費之定價。本文實證結果發現總資產、子公司家數、總負債占總資產的比例、前一年度審計意見、虧損、四大會計師事務所及服務年限為影響審計公費的重要因素。並進一步分析發現具品牌聲譽的四大會計師事務所審計公費溢價較非四大會計師事務所高達21%及首次審計合約折價約7%。

”The No.6 Uniform Q&A of Information Disclosure For Public Release Companies-Payments For Accounting Firms And Their Disclosure”, which was promulgated on Dec 24th 2001 by the Chinese Securities Supervisory Commission, starts to clearly require public release listed companies to regard payments for accounting firms as essential items and to disclose these items in their annual financial statements. This paper examines the annual reports of listed companies in Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2001 to 2004, and examines the determinants of audit fee. The major determinants of audit fees of all sample companies are：total assets, number of subsidiaries, the ratio of total liability to total assets, prior year audit opinion, losses of companies, Big-Four firms and tenure. Further, Fee premium charged by the Big Four is more than that by non-Big-Four by 21%. Initial engagement discounts is 7%.

1. 李建然、顏怡音(2005)。影響首次公開發行公司內部控制制度專案審查公費之因素。當代會計，6(1)，61-88。
   連結：
2. 張仲岳、曹美娟(2005)。臺灣上市公司審計公費之決定因素。當代會計，6(2)，1-28。
   連結：
3. Anderson, T.,D. Zeghal(1994).The pricing of audit services: Further evidence from the Canadian market.Accounting and Business Research,24(95),195-207.
4. Baber, W.,E. Brooks,W. Ricks(1987).An Empirical Investigation of the Market for Audit Services in the Public Sector.Journal of Accounting Research,25(2),293-305.
5. Beatty, R.(1989).Auditor Reputation and the Pricing of Initial Public Offering.The Accounting Review,63(4),605-622.
6. Behn, B. K.,J. V. Carcello,D. R. Hermanson,R. H. Hermanson(1999).Client satisfaction and big 6 audit fees.Contemporary Accounting Research,16(4),587-608.
7. Chaney, P.,K. Philipich(2002).Shredded Reputation: the Cost of Audit Failure.Journal of Accounting Research,40(4),1221-1245.
8. Craswell, A. T.,J. R. Francis(1999).Pricing initial audit engagement: A test of competing the-ones.The Accounting Review,74(2),201-216.
9. Craswell, A. T.,J. R. Francis,S. L. Taylor(1995).Auditor Brand Name Reputations and Industry Specializations.Journal of Accounting and Economics,20(3),297-322.
10. DeAngelo, L.(1981).Auditor Size and Audit Quality.Journal of Accounting and Economics,3(1),183-199.
11. Ettredge, M.,R. Greenburg(1990).Determinants of Fee Cutting on Initial Audit Engagements.Journal of Accounting Research,28(1),198-210.
12. Fan, J.P.H,T.J. Wong(2005).Do External Auditors Perform a Corporate Governance Role in Emerging Markets? Evidence from East Asia.Journal of Accounting Research,43(1),35-72.
13. Francis, J. R.(1984).The Effect of Audit Firm Size on Audit Prices: A Study on the Australian Market.Journal of Accounting and Economics,6(2),133-151.
14. Francis, J. R.,D. J. Stokes(1986).Audit prices, product differentiation, and scale economies: Further evidence from the Australian market.Journal of Accounting Research,24(2),383-393.
15. Francis, J. R.,D. T. Simon(1987).A Test of Audit Pricing in the Small-Client Segment of the U.S. Audit Market.The Accounting review,62(1),145-157.
16. Gist, W. E.(1992).Explaining Variability in External Audit Fees.Accounting and Business Research,23(89),79-84.
17. Gregory, A.,P. Collier(1996).Audit Fees and Auditor Change: Investigation of the Persistence of Fee Reduction by Type of Change.Journal of Business Finance and Accounting,23(1),13-29.
18. Gul, F.A.(1999).Audit Prices, Product Differentiation and Economic Equilibrium.Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory,18(1),90-100.
19. Johnstone, K. M.,J. C. Bedard(2001).Engagement planning, bid pricing, and client response in the market for initial attest engagements.The Accounting Review,76(2),199-220.
20. Lee, D. S.(1996).Auditor Market Share, Product Differentiation and Audit Fees.Accounting and Business Research,26(4),315-324.
21. Low, L. C.,P. H. N. Tan,H.C. Koh(1990).The Determination of Audit Fees: An Analysis in the Singapore Context.Journal of Business Finance and Accounting,17(2),285-295.
22. Marquardt, C.,C. Wiedman(2005).Earnings Management through Transaction Structuring: Contingent Convertible Debt and Diluted Earnings Per Share.Journal of Accounting Research,43(2),205-243.
23. Menon, K.,D. Williams(1991).Auditor Credibility and Initial Public Offering.The Accounting Review,66(2),313-332.
24. O`Keefe, T. B.,D. A. Simunic,M. T. Stein(1994).The production of audit services: Evidence from a major public accounting firm.Journal of Accounting Research,32(2),241-261.
25. Palmrose(1986).Audit Fees and Auditor Size: Further Evidence.Journal of Accounting Research,24(1),97-110.
26. Palmrose(1986).The effect of nonaudit services on the pricing of audit services: Further evidence.Journal of Accounting Research,24(2),405-411.
27. Pong, C. M.,G. Whittington(1994).The Determinants of Audit Fees: Some Empirical Models.Journal of Business Finance and Accounting,21(8),1071-1095.
28. Rauh, J.D.(2006).Investment and Financing Constraints: Evidence from the Funding of Corporate Pension Plans.The Journal of Finance,61(1),33-71.
29. Simon, D. T.,J. R. Francis(1988).The Effects of Auditor Change on Audit Fees: Tests of Price Cutting and Price recovery.The Accounting Review,63(2),255-269.
30. Simon, D. T.,S. Teo,G. Trompeter(1992).A Comparative Study of the Market for Audit Services in Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore.The International Journal of Accounting,27(2),234-240.
31. Simunic, D. A.(1980).The Pricing of Audit Services: Theory and Evidence.Journal of Accounting Research,18(1),161-190.
32. Simunic, D. A.,M. T. Stein(1996).The impact of litigation risk on audit pricing: A review of the economics and the evidence.Auditing: A Journal of Prcatice & Theory,15,119-134.
33. Turpen, P.. A.(1990).Differential Pricing on Auditors’ Initial Engagements: Further Evidence.Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory,9(2),60-76.
34. Walker, P. L.,I. R. Casterella(2000).The Role of Auditee Profitability in Pricing New Audit Engagement.Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory,19(1),157-168.
35. Wallace, W. A.(1984).Enhancing Your Relationship with Internal Auditors.The CPA Journal,54(12),46-51.
36. Whisenant, S.,S. Srinivasan,K. Raghunandan(2003).Evidence on the Joint Determination of Audit and Non-Audit Fees.Journal of Accounting Research,41(4),721-744.
37. 王振林(2002)。博士論文(博士論文)。上海財經大學會計學院。
38. 王善平、李斌(2004)。我國上市公司審計公費影響因素實證分析。財經理論與實踐，25(128)，68-71。
39. 李佩佩(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。東吳大學會計學系。
40. 林雅菁(1997)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。東吳大學會計學系。
41. 郝振平、桂璿(2004)。B股公司審計市場供給與需求研究。中國會計評論，2(1)，159-176。
42. 馬君梅、蘇裕惠、李佩佩(2003)。臺灣地區上櫃公司審計公費決定因素之研究。東吳經濟商學學報，41，25-50。
43. 陳耀宗、劉若蘭、林坤霖(2003)。產業專家、客戶滿意度與審計公費之關聯性研究。會計評論，37，31-52。
44. 雷秀英(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。東吳大學會計系。
45. 劉斌、葉建中、廖瑩毅(2003)。我國上市公司審計公費影響因素的實研究－深滬市2001年報的經驗證據。審計研究，1，44-47。

1. 張振山,王宏瑞(2022)。公司治理是否影響企業的經營績效？－家族與非家族企業的比較。證券市場發展季刊，34(2)，97-144。