英文摘要
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The present paper deals with derived adjectives in Japanese, which are composed of bound prefixes and free stems. 'yowai(弱い)' and 'hayai(早い)' for example, are simple adjectives while 'hiyowai(ひ弱い)' and 'subayai(す早い)' are derived adjectives, containing the prefixes 'hi-(ひ-)' and 'su-(す-)', respectively. Similarly, 'kirei(奇 麗)' and 'rikou(利口)' are simple adjective nouns while 'kogirei(こ奇麗)' and 'korikou (こ利口)' are derived adjective nouns, containing the prefix 'ko-(こ-)'. In this paper, native prefixes 'mono-(もの-)・ura-(うら-)・ma-(ま-)・ko-(こ-)・ka-(か-)・su- (す-)・usu-(うす-)・hi-(ひ-)・usura-(うすら-)・sora-(そら-)・nama-(なま-)' and 'fu-/bu-(不-)・mu-/bu-(無-)・hi-(非-)' are discussed with regard to their phonetic shape, semantic content and syntactic function. The coconsciousness of the paper are as follows:1. Native prefixes are mostly lexical content words in origin, which are semantically bleached and syntactically grammaticalized to become grammatical function words. 2. These prefixes belong in degree expressions in a broader sense and thus may not be further modified by degree adverbs or occur in comparative constructions.3. These prefixes belong in semantic prefixes and thus play no role in the categorical status of the entire derived adjectives or adjective nouns.4. These prefixes are in general low in productivity, and especially in the case of derived adjective nouns.5. Most of these prefixes do not have allomorphs. The only exception is 'ma-(ま-)' which have 'makk-/mass-(まっ-)', and 'man-(まん-)' as allomorphs.6. Chinese prefixes differ from native prefixes in that they tend to retain their original meaning and that they uniformly take nouns as stems to from derived adjective nouns.
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