軋馬路、消費景觀和女性的現代市景：吉辛筆下世紀之交的倫敦城市小說

Women Entering the Cityscape: Streetwalking, Consuming Spectatorship and Turn-of-the-Century London in George Gissing's Urban Fiction

10.6637/CWLQ.2003.32(1).71-108

陳音頤(Eva Yin-I Chen)

吉辛 ； 行走 ； 女性和消費 ； 都市現代性 ； 倫敦 ； George Gissing ； walking ； women and consumption ； urban modernity ； London

中外文學

32卷1期（2003 / 06 / 01）

71 - 108

繁體中文

19世紀末、20世紀初商品文化蓬勃興盛的世紀之交，大體面女性不需陪伴出現在倫敦商店雲集的西區街頭，享受消費和瀏覽樂趣，挑戰了都市現代性的男性化傳統建構，吉辛的倫敦小說以及當時風起雲湧的女性雜誌就勾畫了這些「缺席」於現代經典文學作品的新興女性馬路行人，這些女性行人有兩大特色－群體性和消費者形象，作為傳統上被視為都市遊人觀察對象、代表現代都市混亂失序的被動人群，以及在現代經典論述中視為被商業主隨意操縱的被動愚昧消費者，新興女性的馬路行走是否促使或威脅女性主體性的建構值得探討。本文以吉辛的作品為例，運用De Certeau有關「被動」人群在「使用」都市空間如行走和消費時仍能有某種「演習」抵抗性和主體性空間的理論，指出女性以繞路、違規和反向「移轉」商業空間等「策略」確實不無默默挪移原有疆域、逐漸入侵城市中心空間的可能。同時值得指出的是，現代時期的女性主義者鼓勵女性上街消費、投入商品文化、視其為女性解放的象徵，也間接顯示出女性主義和資本主義商品文化的共謀關係，見證女性、商品、都市現代性間的錯綜關係。

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