文化屬性的流離、文學屬性的失所：論日裔美國男性自傳性文本

Cultural and Literary Identity in Diaspora: Reading Nisei Men's Life Stories

10.6637/CWLQ.2004.32(10).41-63

張瓊惠(Joan Chiung-Huei Chang)

日裔美國文學 ； 自傳 ； 二次大戰 ； 集中營 ； 查理士．菊池 ； 清田賞 ； 敬恩．尾石

中外文學

32卷10期（2004 / 03 / 01）

41 - 63

繁體中文

後現代理論為文學分析開啟了許多新的視界，自傳研究也在受惠之列：多元主體並置、真實與想像共存，文類的份際鬆動，自傳、傳記、小說，漸漸汲取彼此的菁華、共通共融、合為一家。在日裔美國文學中，二次大戰期間有關日裔人士遭到美國政府驅逐、拘禁在集中營、以致在自己的國家中被迫流離失所的歷史，大概是激發日裔寫作動機的最大源頭；奇怪的是，雖然其中女性自傳已經贏得許多評論家的注意及肯定，男性自傳似乎少人問津。其實日裔男性「反自傳」的逆向寫作情形極其「嚴重」，因為男性作家在撰寫自傳時所表現出來的猶疑、迴避、不願現身，使得作家的文學身份難以定讞。而此番情結在作品中便再現為對日裔族群意識的掙扎、民族主義與國家主義的相抗衡、以及對個人文化根源的深切思量。本論文將分析三位美國日裔男性作家－查理士．菊池（Charles Kikuchi）、清田質（Minoru Kiyota）、敬恩．尾石（Gene Oishi）－及其自傳性作品，以此解析對後現代家園想像的迷思。

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