香料東方：佛萊契爾戲劇《南島公主》中的東方殖民與帝國國族記憶

10.6637/CWLQ.2005.33(11).141-164

王儀君

《南島公主》 ； 佛萊契爾 ； 殖民主義 ； The Island Princess ； John Fletcher ； colonialism

中外文學

33卷11期（2005 / 04 / 01）

141 - 164

繁體中文

前現代時期國族主義開展，商業的觸角向東方開始延伸。不同國家的探險者不僅互相爭戰，企圖建構自身的勢力範圍，而且對各地區的原住民威脅利誘。在建構殖民主體的過程之中，這些探險者都流露出複雜的離散情結，以及國族認同的問題。在十七世紀所出版的幾部戲劇中，佛萊契爾（Fletcher）的《南島公主》（The Island Princess, 1621）就呈現出來自西方的商人積極建構商站、型塑國家主體的歷程。佛萊契爾企圖捕捉英國、西班牙和葡萄牙之間的紛爭，並且刻劃了在海上霸權爭奪戰的背後，商業訴求所導致的戰爭。在這個以東方為背景的劇本裡，異質文化與異質空間對應了人在探索空間時所面臨的離散情結，和生存競爭互為表裡的商業壟斷和殖民慾望。本篇論文將映照歷史旅行記事和佛萊契爾的戲劇文本，探索東方香料之島在異族爭霸情境下的空間定位，和西方霸權在建構國族與商業主體時，所產生所謂的錯置的離散情結。

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