鄙民的政治：從文化解殖到陳界仁的感性生產

Politics of the Plebs: From Cultural Decolonization to Chen Chieh-Jen's Artistic Production

10.6637/CWLQ.201903_48(1).0002

唐慧宇(Hui-yu Tang)

解殖 ； 文化主義 ； 陳界仁 ； 《變文書》 ； 鄙民 ； 第十一屆文件展 ； 物流學 ； decolonization ； culturalism ； Chen Chieh-Jen ； Bianwen Book ； plebs ； Documenta 11 ； logistics

中外文學

48卷1期（2019 / 03 / 31）

47 - 86

繁體中文

本文旨在重新檢視當代亞洲以泛文化主義所生產的解殖論述，其可能內涵之諸多悖論，並藉由陳界仁的藝術創作與相關論述，企圖提陳更能回應當前現實處境的思考方案。本文首先分析並檢討亞洲的解殖脈絡，包含查卡拉巴提的知識解殖，南地對於文化傳統的主張，以及孫歌的區域主義，並指出這些解殖方案並未能超越文化主義的侷限以及與現實政治的矛盾。為了超克以文化為面向的解殖論域，本文以陳界仁《變文書》一作為例，指出其中的自我方法和行動策略，事實上更能反思全球體系下的權力支配與生產關係。本文將以「鄙民的政治」這一概念來定義此方法論。本文認為，「鄙民的政治」具備下列特性：（一）由傅柯對於「鄙民」的討論出發，並以其「特定性」的本體論為論述基礎；（二）其所隱含的實踐意義超越了以區域為名的現實政治結構；（三）其介入之意涵並非由全球藝術物流網絡中的代理與分配機制所給定，而是真正實踐平等意義的「生產者」；（四）其所指向的並非是文化的專屬者，而是全面生產化下的無餘裕者。本文將以上述論點出發對於《變文書》進行論述。

This article aims to re-examine the discourse of decolonization in Asia through its antinomies of pan-culturalism. It is followed by an analysis of the artist Chen Chieh-Jen's works in order to develop an alternative approach to the current decolonial agenda. I firstly re-examine the thinkers including Dipesh Chakrabarty, Ashis Nandy, and Sun Ge, arguing that their proposals of decolonization have not overcome the limit of culturalism and the paradox with political realities. In order to think beyond the cultural realm, I draw on Chen's The Bianwen Book to propose that its idea of self-methodology and the strategy of self-activism are more pertinent for us to reflect on today's global world, the dominance of power and the systems of production. Chen's approach is defined as ＂politics of the plebs,＂ which is elaborated as follows: (1) it is from Foucault's concept of the ＂plebs＂ and its ontology of ＂specificity＂ (2) it is beyond the political realities designated by regionalism (3) it derives not from the logistics of global art, but takes the role of a ＂producer＂ based on true equality (4) it refers not to the subjects of culture, but to the commons of the deprived in the global capitalism.

1. 陳光興, Kuan-Hsing(2005)。「亞洲」做為方法。台灣社會研究季刊，57，139-218。
   連結：
2. 蘇哲安, Jon(2016)。太陽花運動類比性的翻譯：在全球國家物流政變與共通普及的創構之間。文化研究，23，79-117。
   連結：
3. (2002).Documenta 11_Platform 5: Exhibition.Ostfildern:Hatje Cantz Verlag.
4. Benjamin, Walter(2005).Selected Writings, Volume 2: Part 2: 1931-1934.Cambridge:Harvard UP.
5. Chakrabarty, Dipesh(2000).Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference.Princeton:Princeton UP..
6. Chakrabarty, Dipesh(1989).Rethinking Working-Class History: Bengal, 1890-1940.Princeton:Princeton UP..
7. Chakrabarty, Dipesh(2002).Modernity and the Past: A Critical Tribute to Ashis Nandy.Habitations of Modernity: Essays in the Wake of Subaltern Studies,Chicago:
8. Chakrabarty, Dipesh(1992).Postcoloniality and the Artifice of History: Who Speaks for ‘Indian’ Pasts?.Representations,37,1-26.
9. Dirlik, Arif(1994).The Postcolonial Aura: Third World Criticism in the Age of Global Capitalism.Critical Inquiry,20(2),328-356.
10. Fanon, Frantz,Philcox, Richard(Trans.)(1963).The Wretched of the Earth.New York:Grove.
11. Foucault, Michel,Gordon, Colin(ed. trans.),Marshall, Leo (trans.),Mepham, John(trans.),Soper, Kate(trans.)(1980).Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews & Other Writings 1972-1977.New York:Vintage.
12. Foucault, Michel,Hurley, Robert (trans.)(1990).The History of Sexuality: Volume 1: An Introduction.New York:Vintage.
13. Groys, Boris(2018).Curating in the Post-Internet Age.e-flux journal,94,1-8.
14. Hallward, Peter(2001).Absolutely Postcolonial: Writing Between the Singular and the Specific.Manchester:Manchester UP.
15. Hallward, Peter(2000).The Limits of Individuation, or How to Distinguish Deleuze and Foucault.Angelaki,5(2),93-111.
16. Nandy, Ashis(1983).The Intimate Enemy: Loss and Recovery of Self under Colonialism.Delhi:Oxford UP.
17. Rancière, Jacques,Drury, John(trans.)(2014).Proletarian Nights: The Workers’ Dream in Nineteenth-Century France.London:Verso.
18. Sakai, Naoki(2010).Theory and Asian Humanity: On the Question of Humanitas and Anthropos.Postcolonial Studies,13(4),441-464.
19. Smith, Terry(ed.),Enwezor, Okwui(ed.),Condee, Nancy(ed.)(2008).Antinomies of Art and Culture: Modernity, Postmodernity, Contemporaneity.Durham:Duke UP.
20. Val, Vinay(ed.)(2000).Dissenting Knowledges, Open Futures.Oxford:Oxford UP.
21. Wang, Hui(2010).The Idea of Asia and Its Ambiguities.The Journal of Asian Studies,69(4),985-989.
22. 布羅薩,阿蘭, Alain,羅惠珍（譯）, Hui-Zhen(trans.)(2012).傅柯：危險哲學家.台北=Taipei:麥田=Rye Field.
23. 白永瑞, Youngseo(2011).思想東亞：朝鮮半島視角的歷史與實踐.北京=Beijing:三聯書店=SDX Joint.
24. 汪暉, Hui(2008).去政治化的政治：短20世紀的終結與90年代.北京=Beijing:三聯書店=SDX Joint.
25. 林怡秀, Yi-Hsiu(2015)。在可見地理的破洞處造異：陳界仁談被剝奪者的感性生產。現代美術，178，6-14。
26. 查卡拉巴提,迪佩什, Dipesh,王立秋（譯）, LiQiu(trans.)(2013).後殖民與歷史的詭計.北京=Beijing:世紀文景=Century Wenjing.
27. 孫歌, Ge(2011).我們為什麼要談東亞：狀況中的政治與歷史.北京=Beijing:三聯=SDX Joint.
28. 張頌仁（編）, TsongZung(ed.)、陳光興（編）, Kuan-Hsing(ed.)、高士明（編）, Shiming(ed.)(2014).從西天到中土：印中社會思想對話.北京=Beijing:世紀文景=Century Wenjing.
29. 陳界仁, Chieh-Jen(2015).變文書：陳界仁影像、生產、行動與文件.台北=Taipei:立方計劃空間=TheCube Project Space.
30. 陳界仁, Chieh-Jen(2014)。談鬼魂是藥引還是解藥。鬼魂的迴返：台灣當代藝術中的幽靈徘徊學，台北=Taipei:
31. 陳界仁, Chieh-Jen(2015)。從《蔣渭水──臺灣大眾葬葬儀》紀錄片，談異議音像「從對抗策略到再質變運動」。藝術觀點ACT，63，132-159。
32. 陳界仁, Chieh-Jen,龔卓軍, Jow-Jiun,林怡秀（整理）, Yi-Hsiu(ed.)(2012)。作為歷史進行式的檔案、創作與知識生產（上）。現代美術，163，36-53。
33. 黃建宏（Huang, Chien-hung）。2016。〈敘事的共生與戰爭〉“Xushi de gongsheng yu zhanzheng” [The Co-Existence and War of Narratives]。《ARTFORUM藝術論壇》ARTFORUM yishu luntan [Artforum]。5月18日。網路。2017年4月20日 [18 May. Web. 20 Apr. 2017]。