非關係之關係：論傅柯權力分析中微觀與巨觀的皺摺與辯證復振的可能

The Relation of Non-Relation: On Foucault's Macro-Micro Analyses of Power and the Possibility of Dialectical Separation

10.6637/CWLQ.202109_50(3).0004

吳建亨(Chien-heng Wu)

關係性 ； 傅柯 ； 巴迪烏 ； 生命政治 ； 治理性 ； 抵抗 ； relationality ； Michel Foucault ； Alain Badiou ； biopolitics ； governmentality ； revolt

中外文學

50卷3期（2021 / 09 / 30）

55 - 89

繁體中文

論文聚焦傅柯對生命政治的論述，追蹤他對西方進入現代性後權力技術的分析，特別是生涯中後期提出的治理性概念。除了重新定位權力技術作用的對象與場域，治理性的概念也幫助我們一窺控制社會中環境整體的動態互動如何協商權力與抵抗的（非）關係。借用德勒茲「皺摺」的隱喻，我們從傅柯權力分析中看到遊走微觀與巨觀多層次的皺摺──從巨觀的主權權力到微觀的規訓權力，然後從規訓的微觀物理回到人口的巨觀物理，再從人口做為巨觀的政治主體到其環境內部的微觀部署；這些不同層次關係性發展出的治理性概念再與源自生命的抵抗形構出非關係之關係的無限褶曲。然而，傅柯對岡居朗的閱讀與他賦予作品未來完成式的解放時間觀，讓陷入永恆誘發的非關係之關係再度產生皺摺──唯獨這次是辯證的皺摺，讓傅柯對權力的分析能夠與其分析對象產生「分離」，並使生命之權進一步規約新的理性。

Focusing on Foucault's genealogical inquiry of modern techniques of power, this paper explores how Foucault's late turn toward the question of governmentality sketches out a new configuration of power. Through the metaphorical lens of the Deleuzian concept of the fold, I attempt to unpack in Foucault's account the dynamic process of folding between the macro and micro analyses of power: from the sovereign power situated at the macro level to the micro-physics of the disciplinary power, then folding up again to the macro level through the registering of the population as a new biopolitical subject; the proper functioning of which paradoxically scales back to the micro level, as it relies on a security apparatus strategically engaging all the actors of a given milieu in a relationship of co-causality. It then appears that the concept of governmentality, as the culminating synthesis of Foucault's analysis of power, would recast the power/resistance nexus in terms of permanent provocation-hence, an interminable relation of non-relation. However, there is yet another folding that gives rise to a dialectical separation, allowing puissance de vie to break out of the aporetic structure of the non-relational relation and acquire a rationality of its own, a rationality of revolt.

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