Dynamical Performance Evaluation on the Synergy of Micturition in Spinal Cord-Injured Female Rats under Pharmacological Effects

10.4077/CJP.2009.AMG016

Shyang Chang；Shiun-Jeng Li；Shih-Jen Hu；Hsiu-Yao Cheng；Sheng-Hwu Hsieh；Chen-Li Cheng

capsaicin ； dynamical disease ； reciprocal innervations ； resiniferatoxin ； synergy of micturition

The Chinese Journal of Physiology

52卷2期（2009 / 04 / 01）

23 - 34

英文

Recently, a temporal ”coherent” fractal structure and synchronization of rhythms were proposed as two essential indicators for efficient voiding during micturition in female rats. The former was correlated with the intensity and the latter the frequency of physiological signals embedded in random noise. Studies using both indices confirmed that synergic co-activations of bladder and external urethral sphincter (EUS) of female rats were present during the voiding of urine. It was fitting to study if these two criteria could be used in the performance evaluation of pharmacological effects on spinal cordinjured rats during micturition. In this paper, the primary aims were to (1) study if the involved muscles in the lower urinary tract would be under similar synergic co-activations during the administration of capsaicin (CAP) and resiniferatoxin (RTX), and (2) characterize quantitatively the differences of their nervous responses simultaneously. A total of 62 micturition experiments were performed on sixteen spinal cord-injured adult female Sprague-Dawley rats, and then the electromyograms of EUS and cystometrograms of bladder were analyzed. Results based on the aforementioned criteria indicated that the synergy of bladder and EUS during micturition by using RTX was better than that of the CAP. Furthermore, the residue urine volumes for rats under the former treatment were smaller than those of the rats under the latter treatment. Consequently, we conclude that the administration of RTX is more effective than CAP to facilitate voiding in the spinal cord-injured rats.

1. Chang, S.,Chiang, M.J.,Li, S.J.,Hu, S.J.,Cheng, H.Y.,Hsieh, S.H.,Cheng, C.L.(2009).The cooperative phenomenon of autonomic nervous system in urine storage for Wistar rats.Chinese J. Physiol.,52,72-80.
   連結：
2. Chang, S.,Hsyu, M.C.,Cheng, H.Y.,Hsieh, S.H.(2008).Synergic coactivation of muscles in elbow flexion via fractional Brownian motion.Chinese J. Physiol.,51,376-386.
   連結：
3. Campbell, M.F.,Walsh, P.C.,Retik, A.B.(2002).Campbell's Urology.Philadelphia, PA:Saunders.
4. Chancellor, M.B.,de Groat, W.C.(1999).Intravesical capsaicin and resiniferatoxin therapy: spicing up the ways to treat the overactive bladder.J. Urol.,162,3-11.
5. Chang, S.,Hu, S.J.,Lin, W.C.(2004).Fractal dynamics and synchronization of rhythms in urodynamics of female Wistar rats.J. Neurosci. Meth.,139,271-279.
6. Chang, S.,Li, S.J.,Chiang, M.J.,Hu, S.J.,Hsyu, M.C.(2007).Fractal dimension estimation via spectral distribution function and its application to physiological signals.IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.,54,1895-1898.
7. Chang, S.,Mao, S.T.,Hu, S.J.,Lin, W.C.,Cheng, C.L.(2000).Studies of detrusor-sphincter synergia and dyssynergia during micturition in rats via fractional Brownian motions.IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.,47,1066-1073.
8. Chang, S.,Mao, S.T.,Kuo, T.P.,Hu, S.J.,Lin, W.C.,Cheng, C.L.(1999).Fractal geometry in urodynamics of lower urinary tract.Chinese J. Physiol.,41,25-31.
9. Cheng, C.L.,Ma, C.P.,de Groat, W.C.(1995).Effect of capsaicin on micturition and associated reflexes in chronic spinal rats.Brain Res.,678,40-48.
10. de Groat, W.C.,Downie, J.W.,Levin, R.M.,Long Lin, A.T.,Morrison, J.F.B.,Nishizawa, O.,Steers, W.D.,Thor, K.D.,Abrams, P. (edited),Khoury, S. (edited),Wein, A. (edited)(1999).Incontinence.Plymouth, UK:Plymouth Distributors Ltd.
11. de Seze, M.,Wiart, L.,Joseph, P.A.,Dosque, J.P.,Mazaux, J.M.,Barat, M.(1998).Capsaicin and neurogenic detrusor hyperreflexia: a double-blind placebo-controlled study in 20 patients with spinal cord lesions.Neurourol. Urodyn.,17,513-523.
12. Doob, J.L.(1953).Stochastic Processes.New York:Wiley.
13. Embrechts, P.,Maejima, M.(2002).Selfsimilar Processes.Princeton:Princeton University Press.
14. Feder, J.(1988).Fractals.New York:Plenum Press.
15. Fowler, C.J.(2000).Intravesical treatment of overactive bladder.Urology,55,60-64.
16. Fowler, C.J.,Beck, R.O.,Gerrard, S.,Betts, C.D.,Fowler, C.G.(1994).Intravesical capsaicin for treatment of detrusor hyperreflexia.J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry,57,169-173.
17. Glass, L.,Mackey, M.C.(1988).From Clocks to Chaos: The Rhythms of Life.Princeton, N.J.:Princeton University Press.
18. Gray, H.,Standring, S.,Ellis, H.,Berkovitz, B.K.B.(2005).Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice.Edinburgh:Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.
19. Kolmogorov, A.N.(1940).Wienersche Spiralen und einige andere interessante Kurven im Hilbertschen Raum.C.R. (Doklady) Acad. Sci. USSR,16,115-118.
20. Kruse, M.N.,Belton, A.L.,de Groat, W.C.(1993).Changes in bladder and external urethral sphincter function after spinal cord injury in the rat.Am. J. Physiol.,264,1157-1163.
21. Lazzeri, M.,Spinelli, M.,Beneforti, P.,Zanollo, A.,Turini, D.(1998).Intravesical resiniferatoxin for the treatment of detrusor hyperreflexia refractory to capsaicin in patients with chronic spinal cord diseases.Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol.,32,331-334.
22. Lecci, A.,Giuliani, S.,Tramontana, M.,Criscuoli, M.,Maggi, C.A.(2000).Multiple sites of action in the inhibitory effect of nociceptin on the micturition reflex.J. Urol.,163,638-645.
23. Liu, S.C.,Chang, S.(1997).Dimension estimation of discrete-time fractional Brownian motion with applications to image texture classification.IEEE Trans. Image Processing,6,1176-1184.
24. Mandelbrot, B.B.(1982).The Fractal Geometry of Nature.San Francisco:Freeman.
25. Paley, R.E.A.C.,Wiener, N.(1934).Fourier Transforms in the Complex Domain.R. I.:American Mathematical Society Providence.
26. Seki, S.,Sasaki, K.,Fraser, M.O.,Igawa, Y.,Nishizawa, O.,Chancellor, M.B.,de Groat, W.C.,Yoshimura, N.(2002).Immunoneutralization of nerve growth factor in lumbosacral spinal cord reduces bladder hyperreflexia in spinal cord injured rats.J. Urol.,168,2269-2274.
27. Shaker, H.S.,Tu, L.M.,Kalfopoulos, M.,Hassouna, M.,Dion, S.,Elhilali, M.(1998).Hyperreflexia of the urinary bladder: possible role of the efferent function of the capsaicin sensitive primary afferents.J. Urol.,160,2232-2239.
28. Shefchyk, S.J.(2001).Sacral spinal interneurones and the control of urinary bladder and urethral striated sphincter muscle function.J. Physiol.,533,57-63.
29. Voss, R.F.,Peitgen, H.O. (edited),Saupe, D. (edited)(1988).The Science of Fractal Images.New York:Springer-Verlag.
30. Wong, E.,Hajek, B.(1985).Stochastic Processes in Engineering Systems.New York:Springer-Verlag.
31. Yaglom, A.M.,English Dover (ed.)(1973).An Introduction to the Theory of Stationary Random Functions.New York:Dover.

1. Chang, Shyang(2010).Physiological Rhythms, Dynamical Diseases and Acupuncture.Chinese Journal of Physiology,53(2),77-90.
2. Lin, Pu-Hua,Lin, Ching-I,Lin, Chia-Hsien,Chiu, Hui-Fang,Cheng, Jen-Kun,Chen, I-Ming,Chang, Wei-Pin,Chang, Jung-Chen(2014).A Mechanistic Study on Urine Retention in D-Amphetamine Addicts.中國生理學雜誌,57(4),171-181.