Pressor Effects on Blood Pressure Induced by Isovolumic Bladder Distension and Electro-Acupuncture Stimulations in Anesthetized Rats

10.4077/CJP.2009.AMH069

Mei-Jung Chen；Mei-Lin Peng；Li-Wen Chen；Hsiao-Lin Fan；Ying-Ming Liou；Jiuan-Miaw Liao

bladder ； electro-acupuncture ； Li-4 ； St-36 ； vesico-vascular reflex ； blood pressure ； rats

The Chinese Journal of Physiology

52卷6期（2009 / 12 / 01）

426 - 431

英文

The pressor effects on blood pressure (BP) elicited by electro-acupuncture (Ea) stimulations and vesico-vascular reflex (VVR) were investigated in anesthetized rats. Twenty adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were used throughout this study. Two acupoints, the Hoku (Li-4) and the Tsusanli (St-36), were tested by a low frequency Ea (LFEa, 2 Hz) and a high frequency Ea (HFEa, 20 Hz) with intensities 20 times that of the motor threshold. Ea at Tsusanli elicited no pressor effects (98.15±4.10% and 101.43±3.96% of pre-stimulation control in LFEa and HFEa, respectively) whereas pressor effects could be induced by Ea stimulations at Hoku (126.3±3.3% and 136.3±3.8% of pre-stimulation control in LFEa and HFEa, respectively, P＜0.01, n=10). In addition, the patterns of pressor effects elicited by LFEa and HFEa at Hoku were different, i.e., LFEa at Hoku elicited a tonic pressor effect, while HFEa elicited a phasic one. The VVR induced by bladder isovolumic saline distension also elicited a pressor effect on BP (119.2±2.2%, P＜0.01, n=10) in the same preparations during bladder contractions. The VVR did not modify the Ea-induced pressor responses, and vice versa, when both of them were superimposed. All the results suggested that the pressor effects elicited by the VVR and the Ea stimulation were additive responses. In addition, for future clinical application, our findings may imply that patients should be carefully monitored for signs and symptoms of autonomic dysfunction during clinical acupuncture treatments.

1. Averill, A.,Cotter, A.C.,Nayak, S.,Matheis, R.J.,Shiflett, S.C.(2000).Blood pressure response to acupuncture in a population at risk for autonomic dysreflexia.Arch. Phy. Med. Rehabil.,81,1494-1497.
2. Cervero, F.(1993).Sensory innervation of the viscera: peripheral basis of visceral pain.Physiol. Rev.,73,95-138.
3. Cheng, C.L.,Ma, C.P.,De Groat, W.C.(1993).Effects of capsaicin on micturition and associated reflexes in rats.Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.,265,132-138.
4. Chuang, Y.-C.,Fraser, M.O.,Yu, Y.,Beckel, J.M.,Seki, S.,Nakanishi, Y.,Yokoyama, H.,Chancellor, M.B.,de Groat, W.C.(2001).Analysis of the afferent limb of the vesicovascular reflex using neurotoxins, resiniferatoxin and capsaicin.Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.,281,1302-1310.
5. De Groat, W.C.,Lalley, P.M.(1972).Reflex firing in the lumbar sympathetic outflow to activation of vesical afferent fibres.J. Physiol.,226,289-309.
6. Kimura, A.,Ohsawa, H.,Sato, A.,Sato, Y.(1995).Somatocardiovascular reflexes in anesthetized rats with the central nervous system intact or acutely spinalized at the cervical level.Neurosci. Res.,22,297-305.
7. Krassioukov, A.V.,Weaver, L.C.(1995).Episodic hypertension due to autonomic dysreflexia in acute and chronic spinal cord-injured rats.Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.,268,2077-2083.
8. Langevin, H.M.,Churchill, D.L.,Wu, J.,Badger, G.J.,Yandow, J.A.,Fox, J.R.,Krag, H.M.(2002).Evidence of connective tissue involvement in acupuncture.FASEB J,8,872-873.
9. Lee, Y.H.,Creasey, G.H.,Lim, H.,Song, J.,Song, K.,Kim, J.(2003).Detrusor and blood pressure responses to dorsal penile nerve stimulation during hyperreflexic contration of the bladder in patients with cervical cord injury.Arch. Phy. Med. Rehabil.,84,136-140.
10. Liao, J.M.,Cheng, C.L.,Lee, S.D.,Chen, G.D.,Chen, K.J.,Yang, C.H.,Pan, S.F.,Chen, M.J.,Huang, P.C.,Lin, T.B.(2006).Impaired micturition reflex caused by acute selective dorsal or ventral root(s) rhizotomy in anesthetized rats.Neurourol. Urodyn.,25,283-289.
11. Liao, J.M.,Lin, C.F.,Ting, H.,Chang, C.C.,Lin, Y.J.,Lin, T.B.(2001).Electro-acupuncture at Hoku elicits dual effect on autonomic nervous system in anesthetized rat.Neurosci. Res.,32,15-20.
12. Liao, J.M.,Ting, H.,Lee, S.D.,Yang, C.H.,Liou, T.M.,Peng, M. L.,Tsai, S.J.,Lin, C.F.,Lin, T.B.(2006).Electro-acupuncture-induced pressor and chronotropic effects in anesthetized rats.Auton. Neurosci.,124,18-25.
13. Lin, C.F.,Liao, J.M.,Tsai, S.J.,Chiang, P.Y.,Ting, H.,Tang, C.Y.,Lou, K.L.,Hsieh, L.C.,Wang, D.W.,Lin, T.B.(2003).Depressor effect on blood pressure and flow elicited by electro-acupuncture in normal subjects.Auton. Neurosci.,107,60-63.
14. Lin, T.B.,Fu, T.C.(2000).Effect of electroacupucture on blood pressure and adrenal nerve activity in anesthetized rats.Neurosci. Lett.,285,37-40.
15. Lin, T.B.,Fu, T.C.(1998).Which afferents induce and transmit dorsal root reflex in rats?.Neurosci. Lett.,230,85-88.
16. Lin, T.B.,Fu, T.C.,Chen, C.F.,Lin, Y.J.,Chien, C.T.(1998).Low and high frequency electro-acupuncture at Hoku elicits a distinct mechanism to activate sympathetic nervous system in anesthetized rats.Neurosci. Lett.,237,75-78.
17. Loaiza, L.A.,Yamaguchi, S.,Ito, M.,Ohshima, N.(2002).Electro-acupuncture stimulation to muscle afferent in anesthetized rats modulates the blood flow to the knee joint through autonomic reflex and nitric oxide.Auton. Neurosci.,97,103-109.
18. Mary, D.A.(1989).The urinary bladder and cardiovascular reflexes.Int. J. Cardiol.,23,11-17.
19. Sato, A.,Sato, Y.,Suzuki, A.,Uchida, S.(1993).Neural mechanism of the reflex inhibition and excitation of gastric motility elicited by acupuncture-like stimulation in anesthetized rats.Neurosci. Res.,18,53-62.
20. Stener-Victorin, E.,Kobayashi, R.,Kurosawa, M.(2003).Ovarian blood flow response to electro-acupuncture stimulation at different frequencies and intensities in anesthetized rats.Auton. Neurosci.,108,50-56.
21. Stener-Victorin, E.,Kobayashi, R.,Watanabe, O.,Lundeberg, T.,Kurosawa, M.(2003).Effects of electo-acupuncture stimulation of different frequencies and intensities on ovarian blood flow in anesthetized rats with steroid-induced polycystic ovaries.Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol.,2,16.
22. Sugiyama, Y.,Xue, Y.X.,Mano, T.(1995).Transient increase in human muscle sympathetic nerve activity during manual acupuncture.Jpn. J. Physiol.,35,337-335.
23. Ting, H.,Liao, J.M.,Lin, C.F.,Chiang, P.Y.,Chang, C.C.,Kuo, D.Y.,Lin, T.B.(2002).Pressor effect on blood pressure and renal nerve activity elicited by electro-acupuncture in intact and hemorrhage rats.Neurosci. Lett.,327,5-8.

1. Liu, Li-Yuan(2015).A New Type of Signaling Pathways as Pilomotor Lines along Skin for Transmitting Acupuncture Signals to Produce Acupuncture Effects.中國生理學雜誌,58(3),165-177.