陸生與臺生互動情境中的資訊迴避行為研究

Information Avoidance Behavior of Mainland Chinese College Students in Taiwan: A Sociological Study

10.6245/JLIS.201804_44(1).0003

葉乃靜(Nei-Ching Yeh)

資訊迴避 ； 陸生 ； 社會規範 ； 社會支持 ； 世界觀 ； Information Avoidance ； Mainland Chinese Students ； Social Norm ； Social Support ； World View

圖書館學與資訊科學

44卷1期（2018 / 04 / 01）

42 - 68

繁體中文;英文

資訊行為研究向來假設人們在日常不論工作或非工作的情境中，會產生資訊需求，也會尋求和使用資訊以滿足需求。然而，迴避、忽視和否定資訊，是人們行為中常見的現象，但相關的研究並不多，而且多著眼於心理面向，尚未有研究由社會觀點分析。因此，本研究聚焦在陸生與臺生互動情境中的資訊迴避行為，並由社會觀點探討，包括世界觀、社會規範、社會支持等概念。本研究採用深度訪談法，徵集15位在臺學習的陸生為研究對象，進行資料蒐集。資料分析採用紮根理論法，分析陸生與臺生互動情境中的資訊迴避現象、資訊迴避原因、影響資訊迴避因素、資訊迴避結果等段落。本研究的貢獻主要是以社會面向探討人們的資訊迴避行為，剖析人際互動中的資訊迴避現象。研究結論建議圖書館提供多元文化館藏，或以真人圖書館服務方式，創造對話交流的空間，開啟讀者另類思維，社會規範將可能鬆綁，世界觀可能改變，價值觀重塑後可能消除資訊迴避現象。

Although acquiring information can provide numerous benefits, people often opt to remain ignorant. Which means that people do not always seek information, and sometimes appear to take great pains to avoid it. However, the studies on people’s information avoidance behaviors are seldom. This study tries to understand why people avoid some piece of information, and examine what and why of information avoidance. And then, this study will discuss the relationship between information need and information avoidance. In‐depth interview are applied to collect empirical data in this study. 15 Chinese students in Taiwan were invited to join this study. This study arrived at the following findings. Firstly, participants usually avoid discussing political issues with Taiwanese students. The social norms from parents and government regularize their information avoidance behaviors. Secondly, the participants experienced the social support from Taiwanese students without the influence of different political positions. Finally, the interactions between participants and Taiwanese students change the world views of participants.

1. Allen, Bryce(ed.)(1996).Information tasks: Toward a user-centered approach to information Systems.West Yorkshire, England:Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
2. Allen, D.,Wilson, T. D.(2003).Information overload: Context and causes.The New Review of Information Behaviour Research,4(1),31-44.
3. Anderson, M. C.,Huddleston, E.(2012).Towards a cognitive and neurobiological model of motivated forgetting.True and false recovered memories: Toward a reconciliation of the debate,New York, NY:
4. Barbour, J. B.,Rintamaki, L. S.,Brashers, D. E.(2009).Health information avoidance as uncertainty management.Proceedings of the Annual meeting of the International Communication Association,Sheraton, New York, NY:
5. Baudrillard, J.(1990).Fatal strategies.New York, NY:Semiotext.
6. Baudrillard, J.,Foss, Paul(trans.),Johnston, John(trans.),Patton, Paul(trans.)(1983).In the shadow of the silent majorities or, the end of the social and other essays.New York, NY:Semiotext.
7. Baudrillard, J.,Levin, Charles(Trans.)(1981).For a critique of the political economy of the sign.St. Louis, MO:Telos Press.
8. Braun, K. L.,Look, M. A.,Tsark, J. A.(1995).High mortality rates in Native Hawaiians.Hawaii Medical Journal,54,723-729.
9. Brunel, O.,Pichon, P. E.(2004).Food-related risk-reduction strategies: Purchasing and consumption processes.Journal of Consumer Behaviour,3(4),360-374.
10. Burnett, G.,Jaeger, P. T.(2008).Small worlds, lifeworlds, and information: The ramifications of the information behaviour of social groups in public policy and the public sphere.Information Research: An International Electronic Journal,13(2)
11. Caplin, A.,Dean, M.(2014).National Bureau of Economic Research Working PaperNational Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper,未出版
12. Case, D. O, Andrews, J. E.,Johnson, J. D.,Allard, L. S.(2005).Avoiding versus seeking: the relationship of information seeking to avoidance, blunting, coping, dissonance, and related concepts.Journal of Medical Library Association,93(3),353-362.
13. Chatman, E. A.(1998).Small world lives: Implications for the public library.Library Trends,46(4),732-752.
14. Chatman, E. A.(1996).The improvised life-world of outsiders.Journal of the American Society for Information Science,47(3),193-206.
15. Chatman, E. A.(2000).Framing social life in theory and research.The New Review of Information Behaviour Research,1,3-17.
16. Chatman, E. A.(1990).Alienation theory: Application of a conceptual framework to a study of information among janitor.RQ,29(3),355-368.
17. Chatman, E. A.(1999).A theory of life in the round.Journal of the American Society for Information Science,50(3),207-217.
18. Cobb, S.(1976).Social support as a moderator of life stress.Psychosomatic Medicine,38(5),300-314.
19. Eil, D.,Rao, M. J.(2011).The good news-bad news effect: Asymmetric processing of objective information about yourself.American Economic Journal: Microeconomics,3(2),114-138.
20. Ellis, D.(1989).A behavioural approach to information retrieval design.Journal of Documentation,45(3),171-212.
21. Feltwell, A. K.,Rees, C. E.(2004).The information-seeking behaviours of partners of men with prostate cancer: A qualitative pilot study.Patient Education and Counseling,54(2),179-185.
22. Folkman, S.,Lazarus, R. S.(1980).An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample.Journal of Health Social Behavior,21(3),219-239.
23. Frey, D.(1982).Different levels of cognitive dissonance, information seeking, and information avoidance.Journal of Personal Social Psychology,43(6),1175-1183.
24. Gigerenzer, G.,Gaissmaier, W.,Kurz-Milcke, E.,Schwartz, L. M.,Woloshin, S.(2007).Helping doctors and patients make sense of health statistics.Psychological Science in the Public Interest,8(1),53-96.
25. Golman, R., Hagmann, D., & Loewenstein, G. (2015). Information avoidance. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/19936571/Information_Avoidance
26. Gross, J. J.(Ed.)(2007).Handbook of emotion regulation.New York, NY:Guilford Press.
27. Harris, P. R.,Napper, L.(2005).Self-affirmation and the biased processing of threatening health-risk information.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,31(9),1250-1263.
28. Howell, J. L.,Shepperd, J. A.(2013).Behavioral obligation and information avoidance.Annals of Behavioral Medicine,45(2),258-263.
29. Hyman, H. H., & Sheatsley, P. B. (1947). Some reasons why information campaigns fail. Public Opinion Quarterly, 11(3), 412-423
30. Jacobson, Robert(Ed.)(1999).Information Design.Cambridge, MA:The MIT Press.
31. Janis, I. L.,Feshback, S.(1953).Effects of fear-arousing communications.Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology,48(1),78-92.
32. Kochen, M.(Ed.),Donohue, J.(Ed.)(1976).Information for the Community.Chicago, CA:American Library Association.
33. Kuhlthau, C. C.(1993).A principle of uncertainty for information seeking.Journal of Documentation,49(4),339-355.
34. Lofland, J.,Lofland, L. H.(1984).Analyzing social setting: A guide to qualitative observation and analysis.Belmont, CA:Wadsworth.
35. Lu, Y-L.(2011).Everyday hassles and related information behaviour among youth: A case study in Taiwan.Information Research,16(1)
36. Maslow, A. H.(1963).The need to know and the fear of knowing.Journal of General Psychology,68,111-125.
37. Mckenzie, P. J.(2003).Justifying cognitive authority decisions: Discursive strategies of information seekers.Library Quarterly,73(3),261-288.
38. Melnyk, D.,Shepperd, J. A.(2012).Avoiding risk information about breast cancer.Annals of Behavioral Medicine,44,216-224.
39. Miller, S. M.(1979).Controllability and human stress: Method evidence and theory.Behavior Research Theory,17(4),287-304.
40. Miller, S. M.(1987).Monitoring and blunting: Validation of a questionnaire to assess styles of information seeking under threat.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,52(2),345-353.
41. Narayan, B.,Case, D. O.,Edwards, S. L.(2011).The role of information avoidance in everyday-life information behaviors.Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology,48(1),1-9.
42. Poulsen, A. U.,Roos, M. W.(2010).Do people make strategic commitments? Experimental evidence on strategic information avoidance.Experimental Economics,13(2),206-225.
43. Rayner, S.(2012).Uncomfortable knowledge: The social construction of ignorance in science and environmental policy discourses.Economy and Society,41(1),107-125.
44. Rees, C. E.,Bath, P. A.(2001).Information-seeking behaviors of women with breast cancer.Oncology Nursing Forum,28(5),899-907.
45. Rogers, E. M.(1983).Diffusion of innovation.New York, NY:The Free Press.
46. Rokeach, M.(1960).The open and closed mind.New York, NY:Basic Books.
47. Sen, A.(1992).Inequality reexamined.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.
48. Smith, S. M.,Fabrigar, L. R.,Norris, M. E.(2008).Reflecting on six decades of selective exposure research: Progress, challenges, and opportunities.Social and Personality Psychology Compass,2(1),464-493.
49. Sorrentino, R. M.,Rooney, C. J. R.(2000).The Uncertain Mind: Individual Differences in Facing the Unknown.Philadelphia, PH:Psychology Press.
50. Strauss, A.、Corbin, J.、徐宗國譯(1997)。質性研究概論。台北市=Taipei:巨流=Chuliu。
51. Sweeny, K.,Melnyk, D.,Miller, W.,Shepperd, J. A.(2010).Information avoidance: Who, what, when, and why.Review of General Psychology,14(4),340-353.
52. Taylor, S. E.,Brown, J. D.(1988).Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health.Psychological Bulletin,103(2),193-210.
53. Van't Riet, J.,Ruiter, R. A. C.(2013).Defensive reactions to health-promoting information: An overview and implications for future research.Health Psychology Review,7(Sup 1),S104-S136.
54. Wilson, T. D.(1999).Models in information behaviour research.Journal of Documentation,55(3),249-270.
55. Wilson, T. D.(1997).Information behaviour: An interdisciplinary perspective.Information Processing & Management,33(4),551-572.
56. 仰海峰(2005)。生產之鏡。北京=Beujing:中央編譯出版社=Central Compilation & Translation Press。
57. 徐宗國(1997)。質性研究概論。台北市=Taipei:巨流=Chuliu。
58. 黃厚銘(2005)。台北=Taipei，台灣大學社會學研究所=College of Social Science, National Taiwan University。
59. 葉乃靜(2007)。多元文化下的資訊行為研究。台北市=Taipei:文華=Mandarin。