The Effects of Replacement of Dietary Soybean Meal with Fish Meal on Growth, Cholesterol status and Molting Signal Gene Expression in White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

飼料中豆粉取代魚粉對白蝦成長、膽固醇狀態及脫殼訊號基因表現之影響

10.29822/JFST.201712_44(4).0001

林鈺鴻(Yu-Hung Lin)；梅嘉勁(Jia-Jinn Mui)；李艶君(Yen-Chun Lee)

soybean meal ； white shrimp ； cholesterol ； molting ； 豆粉 ； 白蝦 ； 膽固醇 ； 脫殼

臺灣水產學會刊

44卷4期（2017 / 12 / 01）

219 - 227

英文

This study evaluated the effects of replacement of dietary fish meal with soybean meal (SBM) on growth, cholesterol status and molting signal gene expressions in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish meal protein was substituted with dietary SBM at 0 (FM), 20 (SBM20), 40 (SBM40), 60 (SBM60), 80 (SBM80) and 100% (SBM100). Total of 6 experimental diets were each fed to triplicate groups of shrimp (initial weight: 2.20 ± 0.11 g) in a recirculating rearing system for 8 weeks. Weight gains were higher (P＜0.05) in shrimp fed FM, SBM20 and SBM40 diets than those in shrimp fed the SBM100 diet. The cholesterol concentrations in hepatopancreases and hemolymph of shrimp decreased linearly with increasing SBM inclusion levels. Shrimp fed the FM diet had the highest ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) gene expression, followed by shrimp fed the SBM20 diet, and lowest in shrimp fed the SBM40, SBM60, SBM80 and SBM100 diets. Retinoic-X-receptor (RXR) gene expression was the highest in shrimp fed the FM and SBM20 diets, followed with shrimp fed the SBM40 and SBM60 diets, and the lowest in shrimp fed the SBM80 and SBM100 diets. In conclusion, 60% fish meal protein can be replaced by SBM in diet without negative effects on growth performance of the shrimp. The cholesterol status and molting signal gene expressions were significantly affected by the SBM inclusion levels in diet.

本研究探討飼料中豆粉取代魚粉對白蝦成長、膽固醇狀態及脫殼訊號基因表現之影響。豆粉分別取代飼料中魚粉蛋白0（FM）、20（SBM20）、40（SBM40）、60（SBM60）、80（SBM80）及100%（SBM100），實驗共分為六組，每組三重複，餵予初重2.20 ± 0.11 g之白蝦，於循環水系統中飼養八週。餵食FM、SBM20及SBM40三組飼料之白蝦增重率顯著高於（P＜0.05）餵食SBM100組。肝胰臟及血淋巴液膽固醇濃度隨飼料中豆粉量增加呈線性下降趨勢。白蝦之脫殼激素受體（EcR）基因表現以FM組最高，SBM20次之，SBM40、SBM60、SBM80及SBM100各組最低。視網酸X受體（RXR）以FM及SBM20兩組最高，SBM40及SBM60兩組次之，以SBM80及SBM100兩組最低。實驗結果顯示，豆粉可取代白蝦飼料中60%魚粉蛋白而不影響其成長表現，而飼料中豆粉添加量會顯著影響白蝦之組織膽固醇濃度及脫殼訊號基因表現。