英文摘要
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Recently, the study of Taiwan's Quaternary mountain glaciations has focused on ”spatial-temporal distribution of glacial landforms” and ”glacial stage divisions and equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs)”. Based on investigations into Quaternary glaciations in the Sheshan, Nanhuta Shan, Showguping and Chiaming Lake areas, this study aims to probe into the development sequence of glacial landforms, and induce glacial retreat models, which can help to interpret the meanings of glacio-chronological estimates and clarify the problems of glacial stage divisions and ELAs. Two feasible models for Quaternary glacier retreat in Taiwan's mountain areas are presented here. One model is ”retreat and turn”, in which cirques usually stand on the northern slope against the sunlight and at the highest point of the trough valleys, which appears with convex-concave long-profiles. It is interpreted that the glaciers retreat back slowly to the headwall, eroding it and creating new cirques. Because of the effect of the sunlight heating differential, the cirques of western, eastern or nearly north-trending directions will eventually change their directions to the north, and create an r-shaped or reverse r-shaped glacier retreat route. Cirques in Showguping and Nanhuta Shan areas are the instances. The other is the model of ”rapid meltdown”. Cirques in this model usually appear on the southern slope and each glacier only develops one cirque only. We interpret that the glaciers move back and the quick meltdown reaches the bottom of the cirque, under the sun's direct heat. Therefore, the features of continuing retreat and turn are absent in this scenario. Cirques in Chiaming Lake and the Datsuoswei Nan Chi in the Nanhuta Shan areas exemplify this model.
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