依據生態完整性建構基隆河整合性河川生態品質評估系統ASIREQ

Constructing an Assessment System for Integrated River Ecological Quality (ASIREQ) in the Keelung River Based on Ecological Integrity

10.6161/jgs.2013.71.04

龐元勳(Yuan-Hsun Pang)

生態完整性 ； 生態永續 ； 整合性生態評估 ； 河川生態品質 ； Ecological integrity ； ecological sustainability ； integrated ecological assessment ； river ecological quality

地理學報

71期（2013 / 12 / 01）

69 - 92

繁體中文

河川在流域地景生態網絡中擔任重要的廊道角色，其品質影響流域整體生態，亦與人類社會永續發展高度關聯。傳統河川管理過度偏重其使用價值和物化水質，未正視生態目標，更未以系統整合看待河川，故其品質已劇烈改變。生態永續觀下，在利用河川時，應保障其生態結構與功能完整。本研究根據生態完整性觀念，建立能代表河川生態完整品質的評估系統ASIREQ，期能合理評估其品質。評估準則架構包括生物完整性和棲地兩部分，前者選擇二項群聚結構與三項群聚功能指標，後者則包括水體、河床、河岸三類棲地，共七項指標，最終整合為生態完整性指數，代表河川總品質。研究中根據基隆河共14站五次調查資料，分就各河段和全河段實際應用ASIREQ進行評估，以檢驗評估體系的適用性與合理性，分析其優點和弱點，並提出因應看法。結論認為ASIREQ具系統整合合理性，顯示能反映不同層次、範疇的河川品質，評估品質結構和時間空間動態，且能剖析品質成因與問題範疇，整合評估能力頗強，也顯示極高的穩定性，適合應用在中長期時間尺度與中大空間尺度的河川生態評估，追蹤或描繪河川生態永續狀態，也可作為河川生態品質變動的評估工具，指引生態保育重點。如能強化評估後的評析與闡釋操作，應可擴展其應用範疇。

Rivers serve as important corridors in the watershed landscape ecological network. Their quality affects the whole basin ecology, and correlates closely with the sustainable development. Traditional river management overemphasizes their use value, as well as physical and chemical water quality while overlooking ecological goals, not even considering them from the perspective of system integration. River quality thus has dramatically changed. From the ecological sustainability perspective, when using rivers it is important to protect their ecological structural and functional integrity.This study developed an assessment system, called ASIREQ, able to reflect the ecologically integrated quality of a river based on the concept of ecological integrity. This system should be capable of reasonably assessing river quality. The criteria framework comprises two parts, dealing with biological integrity and habitat, respectively. With regard to the former, two community structure indicators and three community function indicators were selected, while for the latter, which included three types of habitat, i.e. water, riverbed, and riverbank, a total of seven indicators were selected. The indicators were finally integrated into the ecological integrity index to represent overall river quality.According to data from five surveys at 14 stations on the Keelung River, this study applied ASIREQ to assess each river segment, as well as for the whole stream, to test the applicability and reasonableness, and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the system. This study concluded that ASIREQ was reasonable for system integration, could reflect different levels and scope of river quality, assessed the structure and temporal and spatial dynamic of the quality, and analyzed the areas causing river quality degradation. The system showed a powerful capacity for integrated assessment and high stability, and was suitable for river ecological assessment in both the medium and long-term, for either medium and large areas, and for tracking or depicting river ecology sustainability. ASIREQ is also a useful tool for assessing ecological quality changes in a river, and for guiding conservation priorities. Where it is possible to strengthen analysis and interpretation after assessment, the scope of application of ASIREQ should be expanded.

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