區域災害系統評估坡地災害風險程度　以臺東縣海端鄉為例

The Study of Regional Disaster System for Hai-Duan Township in Taitung of Taiwan

10.6161/jgs.2014.75.02

洪政耀(Cheng-Yao Hung)；林雪美(Hsueh-Mei Lin)

區域災害系統 ； 孕災環境敏感度 ； 致災因子危害度 ； 承災體曝露與脆弱度 ； 風險 ； Regional Disaster System ； susceptibility of potential hazard environment ； hazard of extreme natural phenomena ； exposure and vulnerability of residents ； risk

地理學報

75期（2014 / 12 / 01）

29 - 56

繁體中文

在臺灣，過去十年來自然現象所導致的災害損失逐年上升，因此深入了解災害發生的原因有其必要性，且藉由了解災害發生之因，落實有效的預備、減災措施，可將災害損失降低。首先，需收集並確認災害的點位、分析災害的孕災環境因素以推估相鄰的環境特性，找出環境敏感地帶。再者，災害對於居民會產生多大的風險程度，並不只能考慮孕災環境與致災因子可能造成的威脅，還必須考慮承災體的曝露與脆弱程度，這扮演著相當關鍵的角色。本篇目的就是以區域災害系統論，提供一個了解人與環境之間互動的有利分析方式，並結合GIS平臺以空間化的方式展現其成果。結果顯示災害風險最高的地方並非單純的高敏感危害地區就愈易受災，仍須考量承災體曝露於塊體崩壞的量與自身的脆弱程度。顯示災害的複雜、綜合與多元的組合，必須考量不同時間、空間尺度下，區域災害系統的運作情形方能理解災害發生之因。

In Taiwan, losses from extreme natural phenomena have escalated in the past decade. There is a noticeable change in policy, with more emphasis on loss reduction through mitigation, preparedness, and recovery programs. Effective mitigation of losses from hazards requires hazard identification, analysis of the time and spatial characteristics of mass wasting, and assessment of the sensitivity of potential hazard environment along the side of study area. The vulnerability of the local population to hazards, however, is not solely dependent upon proximity to the source of the threat or the physical nature of the hazard-exposure and vulnerability of residents also play a significant role in determining vulnerability. The regional disaster system supported method of analysis relationship between residents and environment, and spatially present results through Geographic Information System (GIS). Our results suggest that the most risk places do not always spatially intersect with the most susceptibility area. For example, the exposure and vulnerability of residents must also be considered. Disaster is a state of complex and comprehensive, we used regional disaster system to interpret causes of disaster in consider the different time and space scales.

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