臺灣「觀光地理」的研究進程暨其知識生產

Research and Knowledge Production in Taiwan's Tourism Geography

10.6161/jgs.201803_(88).0002

黃躍雯(Yueh-Wen Huang)；韓國聖(Guo-Sheng Han)

觀光地理 ； 地理知識 ； 知識生產 ； 學術政治 ； Tourism geography ； geographical knowledge ； knowledge production ； academic politics

地理學報

88期（2018 / 03 / 01）

31 - 64

繁體中文

做為地理學分支的「觀光地理」，其學科知識早已對觀光領域做出相當多的貢獻。但是吾人對該學科的發展進程、知識生產與傳播等，仍然相當陌生。基此，本研究聚焦於相關的學術期刊，就所有與觀光地理相關的論文分析該學科知識生產的各種特性，並以每十年為分期，分析不同時期期刊文章的研究方法、研究類型、研究場域等的變化。結果發現大致有以下六個主要議題的變化：從高山土地的遊憩利用，歷經觀光地的資源調查與開發，乃至國家公園環境保育與遊客識覺，繼而批判追求資本積累而過度土地利用，一直到全球化風潮下的生態旅遊發展，近十年來轉而趨向重視文化遺產觀光與永續發展等議題；至於在研究典範的遞移方面，除了行為地理學至今仍持續受到重視以外，大略從傳統區域研究、實證研究、批判研究，乃至人文主義暨文化轉向等四階段的典範遞變。最後本研究指出應正視觀光地理學科對觀光發展的貢獻、學術政治對知識生產的影響，以及呼籲赴諸行動的重要性。

The study of tourism geography has made considerable contributions to the field of tourism. However, most people are unfamiliar with the development of this discipline, or the resulting production and dissemination of knowledge. This study presents a review of the tourism geography literature to generate an analysis of the characteristics of knowledge production in the discipline, grouping studies in ten-year periods to comparing research methods, types and fields. We find six major shifts over time: recreational use of alpine land, survey and development of tourism resources, the development of environmental conservation and tourist awareness in national parks, criticism of capital accumulation and excessive land use, the development of ecotourism in the context of globalization and, in the past ten years, an emphasis on the sustainable development of cultural heritage. The research model relies on behavioral geography, and presents paradigm shift of four stages including traditional region-based studies, empirical research, critical research, and human and cultural perspectives. The results highlight the contribution of tourism geography to tourism development, the impact of academic politics on knowledge production and the importance of calls for action.

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