题名

莫拉克颱風災後永久屋基地之建成環境特徵分析

并列篇名

Built Environment Characteristic of the Permanent Housing Settlement After Typhoon Morakot

DOI

10.6161/jgs.202204_(101).0004

作者

蔡松倫(Sung-Lun Tsai)；曾敏惠(Min-Hui Tseng)；鄧傳忠(Chuan-Zhong Deng)；落合知帆(Chiho Ochiai)

关键词

莫拉克颱風 ； 災後重建 ； 建成環境 ； 設計規劃 ； Typhoon Morakot ； post-disaster reconstruction ； built environment ； design planning

期刊名称

地理學報

卷期/出版年月

101期（2022 / 04 / 01）

页次

55 - 84

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

2009年的莫拉克颱風對臺灣造成前所未見的嚴重災情。災後，在臺灣中南部受災縣市相繼建設新的永久屋社區，然而目前關於災後重建之研究多僅限於單一永久屋社區之案例分析，缺乏以全體的視角分析全臺各永久屋社區之建成環境特徵。為此，本研究以二手資料調查以及半結構式訪談調查，針對搬遷戶與受災社區之遷移數量、型態、距離，以及永久屋社區之數量、設計與規劃等建成環境相關議題作深入探討。研究發現，高雄市、屏東縣、嘉義縣以及臺東縣為災後重建之主要區域，受災聚落之遷移類型並非單純的以單一受災社區遷移到單一永久屋基地，而是有分割以及統合的現象，而因為建設時間以及預算的限制，部分縣市並未能夠達成中央政府提出「離災不離村、離村不離鄉」的搬遷原則。永久屋社區的配置型態則與社區整體戶數、基地形狀與各利益關係人之互動而有所不同，政府的非都市開發相關法規亦會限制永久屋規劃上的面積。因此，本研究建議災後重建的規劃，應該要妥善衡量地方政府之能量，配合靈活的溝通機制，以及納入居民的參與，才能在重建過程中打造更為韌性的社區。
英文摘要

In 2009, Typhoon Morakot brought unprecedented severe disasters to Taiwan. After the disaster, new permanent housing settlements were built in the disaster-stricken counties in central and southern Taiwan. However, the current research on post-disaster reconstruction is mostly limited to the cases of single permanent housing settlements. The analysis lacks an overall perspective to analyze the built environment characteristics of the permanent housing communities in Taiwan. To address this issue, this study uses second-hand literature surveys and semi-structured interviews to conduct thorough discussions on the number, type, and distance between relocated settlements and the affected communities, as well as the number, design, and planning of permanent housing communities. This study found that Kaohsiung City, Pingtung County, Chiayi County, and Taitung County are the main areas for post-disaster reconstruction. The type of migration of disaster-stricken communities is not merely the one-to-one pattern but includes divided and integrated patterns. Due to construction time and budget constraints, some counties and cities could not achieve the central government's relocation principle-relocated householders closer to the original settlement. The layout of the permanent housing settlements is related to the number of households in the settlement. The configuration of the settlements is also interrelated with the shape and size of the construction site, as well as the interactions among different stakeholders. Moreover, government regulations also limited the size of permanent housing planning. Therefore, this study suggests that the central government should not overestimate local governments' capability and rush for achievements. residents' participation, should be established to create a more resilient post-disaster community.
主题分类 人文學 > 地理及區域研究
参考文献
  1. 吳嘉苓(2015)。永久屋前搭涼棚 : 災後家屋重建的建築設計與社會改造。科技醫療與社會，20，9-73。
    連結：
  2. 謝志誠 ,傅從喜,陳竹上,林萬億(2012)。一條離原鄉愈來愈遠的路 ? : 莫拉克颱風災後異地重建政策的再思考。臺大社工學刊，26，41-86。
    連結：
  3. 莫拉克獨立新聞網 2010。 莫拉克周年專題-永久屋系列 ( 1 ) : 大愛裂痕 。https : //www.88news.org/posts/5464 ( 2020.1.5 ) ·
  4. Amaratunga, D,Haigh, R.(2011).Post-disaster reconstruction of the built environment : Rebuilding for resilience.US:John Wiley & Sons.
  5. Barenstein, J. D.(2013).Communities ' perspectives on housing reconstruction in Gujarat following the earthquake of 2001.Post-disaster reconstruction and change : Communities ' perspectives,FL:
  6. Bartuska, T. J.,Young, G.(2007).The built environment : Definition and scope.The Built Environment : A Collaborative Inquiry into Design and Planning,2,3-14.
  7. Charlesworth, E.,Ahmed, I.(2015).Sustainable housing reconstruction Designing resilient housing after natural disasters.London:Routledge.
  8. Griffiths, R.(2004).Knowledge production and the research-teaching nexus : The case of the built environment disciplines.Studies in Higher education,29(6),709-726.
  9. Haigh, R.,Amaratunga, D.,Keraminiyage, K.(2006).An exploration of the construction industry's role in disaster preparedness, response and recovery.London:RICS.
  10. Holling, C. S.(1973).Resilience and stability of ecological systems.Annual review of ecology and systematics,4(1),1-23.
  11. Hsu, M.,Howitt, R.,Miller, F.(2015).Procedural vulnerability and institutional capacity deficits in post disaster recovery and reconstruction : Insights from Wutai Rukai experiences of Typhoon Morakot.Human Organization,74(4),308-318.
  12. Hsu, M.,Okada, T.,Mori, S.,Howitt, R.(2019).Resettling, disconnecting or displacing ? Attending to local sociality, culture and history in disaster settings.Asia Pacific Viewpoint,60(2),163-174.
  13. IPCC(2013).Climate Change 2013 : The physical science basis. contribution of working group first to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  14. Jamshed, A.,Rana, I. A.,Khan, M. A.,Agarwal, N.,Ali, A.,Ostwal, M.(2018).Community participation framework for post-disaster resettlement and its practical application in Pakistan.Disaster Prevention and Management : An International Journal,27(5),604-622.
  15. Lin, J. J.,Lin, W. I.(2016).Cultural issues in post-disaster reconstruction : The case of Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan.Disasters,40(4),668-692.
  16. Lloyd-Jones, T.(2006).Mind the Gap ! Post-disaster reconstruction and the transition from humanitarian relief.London:RICS.
  17. Maly, E.(2017).Rethinking " Build Back Better " in housing reconstruction : A proposal for " People Centered Housing Recovery ".IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science,56(1),12025.
  18. Peacock, W. G.,Dash, N.,Zhang, Y.(2007).Sheltering and housing recovery following disaster.Handbook of disaster research,NY:
  19. Quarantelli, E. L.(1982).General and particular observations on sheltering and housing in American disasters.Disasters,6(4),277-281.
  20. Siriwardhana, S. D.,Kulatunga, U.,Samaraweera, A.,Shanika, V. G.(2021).Cultural issues of community resettlement in Post-Disaster Reconstruction projects in Sri Lanka.International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction,53,102017.
  21. Stocker, T. F.(ed.),Qin, D.(ed.),Plattner, G. K.(ed.),Tignor, M.(ed.),Allen, S. K.(ed.),Boschung, J.(ed.),Nauels, A.(ed.),Xia, Y.(ed.),Bex, V.(ed.),Midgley, P. M.(ed.)(2013).Climate change 2013 : The physical science basis : Contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  22. Taiban, S.,Lin, H. N.,Ko, C. C.(2020).Disaster, relocation, and resilience : Recovery and adaptation of Karamemedesane in Lily Tribal Community after Typhoon Morakot, Taiwan.Environmental Hazards,19(2),209-222.
  23. Tucker, S.,Gamage, A.,Wijeyesekera, C.(2014).Some design aspects of sustainable post-disaster housing.International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment,5(2),163-181.
  24. UNDRR 2015. Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. https://www.undrr.org/publication/sendai-framework-disaster-risk-reduction-2015-2030 ( last accessed 5 January 2021 ).
  25. Wildavsky, A. B.(1988).Searching for safety.US:Transaction publishers.
  26. 千葉学(2015)。建築家に何が可能か。建築雑誌，1672，48-49。
  27. 石丸時大、森傑、野村理恵(2015)。復興整備計画からみる防災集団移転促進事業の空間的特徵。日本建築学会計画系論文集，80，1979-1989。
  28. 石川永子、池田浩敬、澤田雅浩、中林一樹(2008)。被災者の住宅再建・生活回復から見た被災集落の集団移転の評価に関する研究。都市計画論文集，43，727-732。
  29. 全國成(2018)。國立暨南大學公共行政與政策學系。
  30. 芳賀沼整、滑田崇志(2011)。木造仮設住宅群3.11からはじまったある建築の記録。東京:ポット 出版。
  31. 前田昌弘(2016)。津波被災と再定住:コミュニティのレジリエンスを支える。京都:京都大学学術出版会。
  32. 莊竣博,盧鏡臣(2016)。機構主導的異地重建之比較研究-以杉林大愛與禮納里永久屋園區為例。臺灣災害管理學會十週年年會，臺北:
  33. 陳俞安(2012).從規劃者觀點看災後重建規劃過程中的災民參與-以莫拉克颱風災後永久屋規劃為例.
  34. 陳振川(2014).莫拉克颱風災後重建五周年成果彙編.高雄:行政院莫拉克颱風災後重建推動委員會.
  35. 彭光輝(2019)。大規模賑災收容場所社區化之規劃。九二一震災二十周年紀念論壇，臺中:
  36. 曾敏惠,吳郁坪,劉怡君(2015)。,台北:國家災害防救科技中心。
  37. 園田千佳、坂本慧介、石川幹子(2013)。復興まちづくりの計画策定プロセスにおける住民ワークショップの役割に関する研究。都市計画論文集，48，849-854。
  38. 磯村和樹、友渕貴之、槻橋修(2019)。東日本大震災の被災地における記憶の街ワークショップの手法の変遷。日本建築学会計画系論文集，84，2139-2149。
  39. 鐘勝雄 2010 小林: 我們不想為難慈濟。https://www.88news.org/posts/5115_ (擷取日期 : 2020.1.5 ) 。
print cancel