题名

郵局效率計量之研究－以台南郵局為例

并列篇名

The Joint Determination of Efficiency in Post offices

DOI

10.7086/TJAE.201209.0155

作者

林玉惠(Yu-Hui Lin)；徐世勳(Shih-Shun Hsu)

关键词

郵局 ； 效率 ； 多活動資料包絡分析 ； 未定向差額變數衡量 ； Post Officies ； Efficiency ； Multi-Component DEA ； Non-oriented SBM

期刊名称

應用經濟論叢

卷期/出版年月

2012生產力與效率特刊（2012 / 09 / 01）

页次

155 - 204

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

本研究嘗試以實證模型來評估郵局的營運效率。有鑑於郵局包含儲匯和郵務活動，生產過程存在專屬資源（specific allocation）和共同資源（shared allocation），因此本文在衡量郵局整體效率和兩項子活動的效率時，以Tsai and Mar Molinero（2002）的多活動資料包絡與分析法（data envelopment analysis, DEA）作為基本研究工具，並以Tone（2001）未定向差額變數衡量（non-oriented slack-based measure, non-oriented SBM）來建構多活動DEA模型，除考量非射線差額，也同時考量產出的增加與投入的節省，並允許每一投入和產出各自產生其最適當的應調整比例，據以作為計算效率值的基準。本文實證結果顯示，郵局現行投入規模皆未處於最適狀態，儲匯或郵務規模均有再調整的空間。此外，有將近四成郵局的儲匯和郵務部門分別處於不同規模報酬。如果能夠妥善調度局內現有人力，或者是在業務量大的尖峰時段，機動調整或提供儲匯／郵務兼辦窗口，對整體營運績效將有助益。再就整體規模而言，處於規模報酬遞增（increasing returns to scale, IRS）和規模報酬遞減（deceasing returns to scale, DRS）的郵局約各佔一半。郵政公司雖無法完全擺脫公務機關人事僵固的歷史包袱，但仍可以加強跨局的人力調度管理，重新調配各支局人力規模。另外，許多郵局在儲匯或郵務其中一項子活動中展現良好績效，但在另一項子活動的運作效率卻有待提升。儲匯和郵務活動的效率排序差異很大，且檢定結果缺乏顯著相關。而郵局座落的地區不同，也會影響到績效表現。相較於鄉下地區和都會區，市郊的經營環境對郵局儲匯活動和整體績效相對最有利，同業競爭密度高的都會區其次。惟郵務活動因有郵政法賦予對信函類的遞送專營權，因此用郵人口密度高的都會區仍最有助於郵務效率的提升，郊區次之。鄉下環境明顯不利於郵務效率和郵局整體效率。長遠看來，都會區郵局必須在同業競爭激烈的經營環境下，努力避免客源流失、積極提升服務品質以吸引顧客並提升營收，才能改善儲匯業務和整體效率落後市郊郵局的問題；而鄉下地區郵局也必須積極擬定對策，嘗試降低成本並提高各子活動和整體的生產力。
英文摘要

This paper modifies the multi-activity DEA proposed by Tsai and Mar Molinero (2002) to evaluate the technical efficiency of post offices when allocation of shared inputs and shared outputs between the mail and banking counters is unclear. The non-oriented SBM analysis proposed by Tone (2001) is also employed in our study to provide a complete performance measure. The overall efficiency of post offices can then be further decomposed into efficiency of mail department and banking department. It is found that there is no close relationship between the technical efficiencies of the two departments. Furthermore, the analysis also shows that the technical efficiency of the post offices and their individual departments is affected by the impacts of location.
主题分类 基礎與應用科學 > 永續發展研究
生物農學 > 農業
生物農學 > 森林
生物農學 > 畜牧
生物農學 > 漁業
社會科學 > 經濟學
社會科學 > 財金及會計學
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