東勢林場中大型哺乳動物調查

Survey of Medium to Large Mammals in Dongshi Experimental Forest Station

10.30089/JAF.202406_71(2).0006

成允聖(Yun-Sheng Cheng)；蕭鈺(Hsiao Yu)；阮莫涵(Mo-Han Ruan)；陳相伶(Hsiang-Ling Chen)

動物相調查 ； 紅外線自動照相機 ； 臺灣 ； wildlife survey ； camera trap ； Taiwan

農林學報

71卷2期（2024 / 06 / 30）

137 - 149

繁體中文;英文

有鑑於中興大學東勢林場生物資源相關調查與研究的缺乏，本研究利用紅外線自動照相機調查林場內中大型哺乳類動物、出現頻度與空間分布。自2021年3月11日至2021年11月9日，10臺相機共工作58,204小時，共記錄中大型哺乳類動物5目8科9種，其中包括瀕臨絕種保育類動物石虎（Prionailurus bengalensis）、珍貴稀有保育類動物臺灣穿山甲（Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla）與應予保育之動物食蟹獴（Herpestes urva formosanus）。鳥類共記錄6目13科22種，其中包含珍貴稀有保育類鳥類八色鳥（Pitta nympha）、藍腹鷴（Lophura swinhoii）、大冠鷲（Spilornis cheela hoya）與灰面鵟鷹（Butastur indicus）；應予保育之鳥類紅尾伯勞（Lanius cristatus）與臺灣藍鵲（Urocissa caerulea）。東勢林場中大型哺乳動物平均物種豐富度為4.2種；在所記錄的中大型哺乳動物中，鼬獾（Melogale moschata subaurantiaca）的出現頻度最高，食蟹獴次之。在空間分布上，中大型哺乳類動物以白鼻心（Paguma larvata taivana）分布最廣泛。調查顯示全區皆有家犬的紀錄，其對中大型哺乳類動物的影響有待後續研究。相較於周遭環境東勢林場仍是森林面積較完整的區域，其環境特性也較符合石虎的棲地選擇偏好，未來可針對石虎喜好的環境進行監測，了解林場內與周遭區域石虎活動的範圍與路徑，作為棲地保育與廊道維繫的依據。

Because of the lack of relevant surveys and research on biological resources, this study used infrared cameras to investigate the species composition, occurrence, and spatial distribution of medium to large mammals in Dongshi experimental forest station. From March 11, 2021 to November 9, 2021, the total working time of 10 cameras was 58,204 hours. A total of 5 orders, 8 families, and 9 species of medium to large mammals were recorded, including endangered species Prionailurus bengalensis, rare and valuable species Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla, and other conservation-deserving species Herpestes urva formosanus. We also recorded a total of 6 orders, 13 families, and 22 species of birds, which includes rare and valuable species Pitta nympha, Lophura swinhoii, Spilornis cheela hoya and Butastur indicus and other conservation-deserving species Lanius cristatus and Urocissa caerulea. The average species richness of medium to large mammals in the forest station was 4.2, the highest occurrence index of all recorded mammals was Melogale moschata subaurantiaca, followed by Herpestes urva formosanus. In terms of spatial distribution, Paguma larvata taivana is the most widely distributed among all recorded mammals. We also recorded domestic dogs at all the cameras. Research on the effects of dogs on native mammals is needed. Compared with the surrounding area, Dongshi experimental forest station has relatively extensive forest coverage, and its environmental characteristics are also more less in line with endangered Prionailurus bengalensis habitat preference. Further monitor of Prionailurus bengalensis should be conducted, in order to understand the movement paths and home range of Prionailurus bengalensis in Dongshi experimental forest station, and to serve as a basis for habitat conservation.