Nuts, Blood Lipids and Cardiovascular Disease

核果類與血脂質以及心血管疾病

10.6133/apjcn.2010.19.1.18

Joan Sabaté；Michelle Wien

核果 ； 脂肪酸 ； 心血管疾病 ； 血脂質 ； 膽固醇 ； nuts ； fatty acids ； cardiovascular disease ； blood lipids ； cholesterol

Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition

19卷1期（2010 / 03 / 01）

131 - 136

英文

這篇論文的目的是評估與核果類相關的流行病學及人體給食研究的結果，並且討論核果類和相關的心血管健康的重要營養特性。在兩大洲的五個大型流行病學研究中指出，經常攝取核果類具有預防冠心病的效用。綜整其中四個研究的定性資料，發現每週攝取一份的核果類，可減少8.3%因為冠心病而死亡的風險。有超過40個飲食介入的研究，針對血脂質來進行飲食中包含核果類的效果評估。這些研究顯示攝取不同種類的核果類，甚至是健康飲食中含有核果類，可降低健康者以及患有中度高膽固醇血脂症患者的總膽固醇、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇以及低密度脂蛋白膽固醇與高密度脂蛋白膽固醇比值。核果類具有特殊的脂肪酸組成，而且有較高的不飽和脂肪酸與飽和脂肪酸比例，這是攝取核果類有益健康效果的一個重要因子。核果類保護心血管的營養成分還包括植物性蛋白、纖維、維生素E、葉酸、鎂、銅、植物固醇以及其他植化素等。

The aim of this paper is to evaluate nut-related epidemiological and human feeding study findings and to discuss the important nutritional attributes of nuts and their link to cardiovascular health. Frequent nut consumption has been found to be protective against coronary heart disease in five large epidemiological studies across two continents. A qualitative summary of the data from four of these studies found an 8.3% reduction in risk of death from coronary heart disease for each weekly serving of nuts. Over 40 dietary intervention studies have been conducted evaluating the effect of nut containing diets on blood lipids. These studies have demonstrated that intake of different kinds of nuts lower total and LDL cholesterol and the LDL: HDL ratio in healthy subjects or patients with moderate hypercholesterolaemia, even in the context of healthy diets. Nuts have a unique fatty acid profile and feature a high unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio, an important contributing factor to the beneficial health effects of nut consumption. Additional cardioprotective nutrients found in nuts include vegetable protein, fiber, α-tocopherol, folic acid, magnesium, copper, phytosterols and other phytochemicals.