Attitudes toward Pregnancy Related Changes and Self-Judged Dieting Behavior

對懷孕期相關變化的態度及自我判斷的節食行為

10.6133/apjcn.2011.20.2.11

Hidemi Takimoto；Chisako Mitsuishi；Noriko Kato

懷孕 ； 體重增加 ； 膳食 ； 健康知識 ； 對健康的態度 ； pregnancy ； weight gain ； diet ； health knowledge ； attitude to health

Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition

20卷2期（2011 / 06 / 01）

212 - 219

英文

懷孕時體重適度的增加對於母親的健康和胎兒的發育是必要的。然而，女性對體型和體重的自我評價可能導致懷孕時不必要的飲食限制。為瞭解目前孕婦的自我評價、對孕期時相關變化的態度及節食行為，於東京一間產檢診所進行問卷調查。發放自填式問卷給500名女性，其中248名孕婦回覆合用的資料。幾乎所有（91.5%）的回覆者都知道自己的目標體重。有34位（13.7%）孕婦自述懷孕前曾節食。另有88位（35.5%）孕婦目前節食中，其中78位是根據自己的判斷而節食。只有15位孕婦飲食有遵照營養師的建議。大多數（69%）回覆者相信，比較小的寶寶可使分娩較順利。以多變項邏輯迴歸分析結果，懷孕前曾節食的婦女，懷孕後有4.67倍的機率會在孕期自行節食；而希望較小的胎兒使分娩順利的婦女，也有2.73倍的機率在孕期節食。因此，產科醫師、助產士和營養師應瞭解孕婦過去的節食史及健康認知，以專業告知懷孕時增加足夠體重的重要性。

Adequate weight gain in pregnancy is essential for the health of the mother and developing fetus. However, a woman's self-beliefs regarding body shape and weight gain may become a driving force toward unnecessary dietary restriction during pregnancy. In order to assess the current status of self-beliefs, attitudes toward pregnancy related changes, and dieting behavior in pregnant women, a questionnaire survey was conducted at a prenatal clinic in Tokyo. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 500 women and 248 women responded with eligible data. Nearly all respondents (91.5%) stated that they knew their own weight gain targets. Thirtyfour women (13.7%) reported dieting before being pregnant, and 88 women (35.5%) reported current dieting. Seventy-eight of the current dieters were doing so based on self-judgment, and only fifteen were following a dietician's advice. The majority of the respondents (69.0%) believed that smaller babies would help a smooth delivery. From multivariable logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) for current self-judged dieting was significant in women who had dieted before pregnancy (OR: 4.67, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.10-10.4), and those who desired smaller babies for a smooth delivery (OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.35-5.52). Obstetricians, midwives, and dieticians should be aware of previous dieting history and self-beliefs in pregnant women, in order to give professional advice about the importance of adequate weight gains.