Bone Mineral Density in Adults in Taiwan: Results of the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2005-2008 (NAHSIT 2005-2008)

臺灣地區19歲以上成人骨密度狀況分析

10.6133/apjcn.2011.20.2.18

Yi-Chin Lin；Wen-Harn Pan

骨質疏鬆 ； 骨礦物密度 ； 腰椎 ； 股骨頸 ； DXA ； 臺灣營養健康家戶調查 ； NAHSIT ； bone mineral density ； osteoporosis ； lumbar spine ； femoral neck

Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition

20卷2期（2011 / 06 / 01）

283 - 291

英文

骨質疏鬆是一種系統性骨質流失的現象，導致骨礦物密度（bonemineraldensity）降低，骨骼的微細結構遭到破壞而增加發生骨折的危險性，是老年人常見的疾病之一。此次2005-2008年的臺灣營養健康家戶調查（NAHSIT）中，在第三調查年度以雙能量X-光骨密度儀（DXA）對1121位19歲（含）以上之參與民眾進行骨密度掃描並分析。結果顯示，男女兩性在全身及各部位骨礦物密度之年齡趨勢有差異。男性在50歲以前，在腰椎及股骨頸之骨密度隨年齡增長而降低之趨勢較50歲以後顯著；而前臂之骨密度則在50歲以上者有顯著隨年齡增加而降低的情形。女性方面，股骨頸骨密度明顯隨著年齡越大而降低，至於全身、腰椎及前臂骨密度隨年齡增長而降低的情形在50歲以上者較為顯著。此外，參考世界衛生組織所訂定之骨質疏鬆症診斷標準以及國際臨床骨密度儀學會（ISCD）的建議，以236位50歲以上有腰椎、股骨頸、及前臂三部位骨密度掃描者之資料分析顯示，在上述三部位有骨質疏鬆者分別為腰椎：男性4.3%、女性12.6%；股骨頸：男性12.0%、女性18.1%；前臂：男性11.6%、女性25.0%。有任一部位為骨質疏鬆者，男性有23.9%、女性為38.3%。未達骨質疏鬆但已屬「低骨密度（lowbonemass）」者，在腰椎有28.8%的男性及34.7%的女性、股骨頸部位男性為57.5%、女性45.9%；前臂則有22.7%的男性及26.1%的女性。骨質疏鬆與年輕時骨量的累積及中老年期骨質流失的速率有關；國人應注意骨骼保健，並預防因跌倒而引發骨質疏鬆性骨折。

Osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent global health problems in the elderly. A nationwide representative sample of 1121 adult subjects, aged 19 years and older, were scanned by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the third survey year of Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2005-2008. There was an apparent gender difference in the trend of bone mineral density (BMD) with age. In males, the decrease in BMD with age at lumbar spine and at femoral neck were statistically significant in those younger than 50 years, whereas the decrease in BMD at forearm was significant only in those aged 50 years and older (β= -0.005, p＜0.0001). In females there was a significant negative correlation between BMD at femoral neck and age (β= -0.004, p＜0.0001). In the 236 subjects aged 50 years and older, the prevalence rates of osteoporosis were 4.3% at lumbar spine, 12.0% at femoral neck, and 11.6% at forearm in males, and 12.6% at lumbar spine, 18.1% at femoral neck, and 25.0% at forearm in females, respectively. The prevalence rates of osteoporosis at any site were 23.9% in males and 38.3% in females, respectively. The prevalence rates of low bone mass at lumbar spine, femoral neck, and forearm were 28.8%, 57.5%, and 22.7% in males and 34.7%, 45.9%, and 26.1% in females, respectively. Effective measures to maintain bone health and/or to reduce excessive bone loss may be important in the prevention of osteoporotic fractures in Taiwanese adults.

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