台灣南部某軍眷村登革熱病媒蚊密度調查

Dengue Vector Density Survey in Certain Military Dependent Communities South Taiwan

白崇田(Chung-Ten Pai)；張家彰(Chia-Chang Chang)；楊鈺清(Yu-Ching Yang)

登革熱病媒蚊 ； 埃及斑蚊 ； 白線斑蚊 ； Dengue vectors ； Aedes aegypti ； Aedes albopictus

Journal of Medical Sciences

13卷2期（1992 / 10 / 01）

107 - 110

繁體中文

登革熱為斑蚊所傳播之急性傳染病，自民國76年在南部造成流行以來，已受各方重視，並展開各項防治措施。為瞭解軍眷村中登革熱病媒蚊密度，作者等即以南部某軍21個軍眷村為研究對象，以隨機抽樣方式選取696調查戶，發現可疑孳生容器325個，白線斑蚊幼蟲683隻，住宅指數為2.6，容器指數為8.3，布氏指數為3.9，幼蟲指數為1.0。埃及斑蚊蟲720隻，住宅指數及布氏指數為1.2，容器指數為2.6，幼蟲指數為1.1，上列指數換算密度等級皆未超過3級。所調查之可疑孳生容器，可概分為盆景、油漆桶（含鐵桶）、塑膠桶、瓷器容器、玻璃瓶、地下室污水池、冰箱底盤及其他等。孳生病媒蚊之容器為34個，其中，孳生白線斑蚊者有26個（佔76.5％）；孳生埃及斑蚊者有8個（佔23.5％），同一容器中無二種斑紋混生之情況。在容器孳生率上以地下室污水池（佔30.3％），盆景（佔20.5％），及玻璃瓶（佔18.7％）為首三位（表五）。以容器發現地點而言，室內孳生容器佔17.6％，室外孳生容器佔82.4％，室內孳生容器中白線斑蚊佔16.7％，埃及斑蚊佔83.3％；室外孳生容器白線斑蚊佔89.3％，埃及斑蚊佔10.7％，以卡方檢定（χ^2 test）分析結果具顯著性差異（χ^2 = 10.73, p＜0.01）。

Dengue fever, a tropical communicable disease, is caused by the bite of infective mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Ae. Albopictus, which had been infected by biting an infectious human. An investigation on southern military dependent communities conducted in November 1991 showed that there were 325 water containers, 1403 mosquito larvae, of which 720 were Ae. aegypti and 683 were Ae. albopictus. The house index, container index, Breteau index, and larvae index, were 1.2, 2.6, 1.2, and 1.1 for Ae. aegypti and 2.6, 8.3, 3.9, and 1.0 for Ae. albopictus respectively. It all goes to show that these indexes are far below the crucial grade, recommended by W.H.O. Community survey to determine density of vector mosquitoes and to identify breeding places is the first measure to control dengue. However, an educational program should be taken to educate the residents on personal measures for protection against mosquitoes and to eliminate all the breeding containers of the dengue vectors in military dependent communities.

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