英文摘要
|
The purpose of the study is to explore the counselors' experiences, including the cultural beliefs shock, the beliefs regulation, in the counseling context in Taiwan. We are interested in three issues:(1) The experiences of the counselors' cultural shock when they are learning and practicing Western theories of counseling which are different from the basic beliefs of Chinese culture. (2) The reflections of the cultural shock and beliefs regulation. (3) The cultural meaning of those beliefs shock and beliefs regulation in counseling context. Individual in-dept interview method was employed to collect data, and twelve Taiwanese counselors were interviewed. Interviewed data were transcribed and further analyzed using a ground theory method. The main findings are: First, the cultural shocks of the counselors are including the issues about humanity, self, interpersonal relationships, counseling, and culture. Second, the cultural reflections and modifications of the counselors are: (a) regarding social context as important as developing self-determination, (b) considering the characteristics of relationship dominance in Chinese culture, (c) increasing self-acceptance and expanding the viewpoint of life, (d) recognizing the difference between the form of counseling and the experiences of Taiwanese clients, and undertaking to modifying, (e) showing concern the cultural influences on persons, and respecting each culture. The conclusion in our research is: To increase the use of counseling, Taiwanese counselors have to recognizing and understanding the conflict between counseling beliefs based Western culture and the basic beliefs in Chinese culture on the bases of respecting the unique of each culture.
|
参考文献
|
-
洪莉竹、陳秉華(2003)。諮商師專業發展歷程之文化反省經驗。教育心理學報,35(1),1-18。
連結:
-
陸洛(2003)。人我關係之界定:折衷自我的現身。本土心理學研究,20,139-207。
連結:
-
楊國樞(2004)。發表於中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心主辦:第七屆華人心理與行為科際學術研討會。台北:
連結:
-
楊國樞、陸洛(2004)。華人的自我歷程、自我概念及自我評價研討會論文集。宜蘭:佛光人文社會學院心理學研究所。
連結:
-
賈紅鶯、陳秉華、楊連謙(2003)。一個結構-策略家族治療改變文化意涵。中華心理衛生學刊,16(1),71-124。
連結:
-
Abel, T.,Metraux, R.,Roll, S.(1987).Psychotherapy and culture.
-
Atkinson, D.,Whiteley, S.,Gim, R.(1990).Asian-American acculturation and preferences for help providers.Journal of College Student Development,31,155-161.
-
Castillo, R. J.(1997).Culture and mental illness: a Client-Centered approach.Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
-
Chemg Lin-Lin(1987).unpublished paper.
-
Chen, C. Y.(1988).A Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
-
Cheung, F. M.(2000).Deconstruction counseling in a cultural context.The Counseling Psychologist,28(1),123-132.
-
Chu, J.,Sue, S.(1984).Asian/Pacific-Americans and group practice.Social Work With Groups,7,23-26.
-
Corey, G.(1996).Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. (5th ed.).Brooks/Cole Pub. Co..
-
Devos, G.(1980).People in culture.Praeger Publishers.
-
Draguns, J. G.(1996).Counseling across cultures (4ed.).SAGE Publications.
-
Glaser, B. G.,Strauss, A. L.(1967).The discovery of Ground Theory: strategies for qualitative research.NY:Aldine De Gruyter.
-
Held, B. S.(1995).Back to reality: A critique of postmodern theory in psychotherapy.W. W. Norton & Company, Inc..
-
Hofstede, G.(1983).Expiscations in cross-cultural psychology.Netherlands Swarts & Zeitlinger.
-
Hofstede, G.(1992).Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind.London:McGraw hill.
-
Hofstede, G.(1986).Cultural differences in teaching and learning.International Journal of Intercultural Relations,10,301-320.
-
Hofstede, G.(1980).Culture's consequences: International differences in work@related values.London:Sage.
-
Hsu, F. L. K.(1981).American and Chinese: Passage to differences(3rd ed.).Honolulu, Ha:University of Hawaii Press.
-
Kim Berg, I.,Jaya, A.(1993).Different and same: Family therapy with Asian American families.Journal of Marital and Family Therapy,19(1),31-38.
-
Kinzie, J. D.(1972).Cross-cultural psychotherapy: The Malaysian experience.American Journal of Psychotherapy,26,220-231.
-
Kitano, H. H.,Maki, M. T.(1996).Counseling across cultures (4ed.).SAGE Publications.
-
Leong, F.(1992).Guidelines for minimizing premature termination among Asian American clients in group counseling.Journal for Specialists in Group Work,17,218-228.
-
Markus, H. R.,Kitayama, S.(1991).Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.Psychological Review,98,224-253.
-
Marsella , A.(1993).Counseling and psychotherapy with Japanese Americans: Cross-cultural considerations.American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,63,200-208.
-
Marsella , A. J.,Pedersen, P. B.(1981).Cross-cultural counseling and psychotherapy : Foundations, evolution, and cultural considerations.Elmsford, NY:Pergamon.
-
Patterson, L. E.,Welfel, E. R.(1994).The counseling process.Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
-
Pedersen, P.(1976).Counseling across cultures.Honolul:The University Press of Hawaii.
-
Pedersen, P.,Sartorius, N.,Marsella, A.(1984).Mental health services: The cross-cultural context.London:Sage.
-
Perloff, R.(1987).Self-interest and personal responsibility redux.American Psychologist,42,3-11.
-
Sampson, E. E.(1988).The debate on individualism: Indigenous psychologies of the individual and their role in personal and societal functioning.American Psychologist,43,15-22.
-
Sampson, E. E.(1985).The decentralization of identity: Toward a revised concept of personal and social order.American Psychologist,36,730-743.
-
Shweder, R. A.,Bourne, E. J.(1984).Culture theory: Essays on mind, self, and emotion.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
-
Spence, J. T.(1985).Achievement American style: The rewards and costs of individualism.American Psychologist,40,1285-1295.
-
Strauss, A.,Corbin, J.(1990).Basics of Qualitative Research: Ground Theory Procedures and Techniques.Sage Publications.
-
Strauss, A.,Corbin, J.(1998).Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures For Developing Ground Theory. (2rd ed.).Sage Publications.
-
Sue, D. W.(1978).World views and counseling.Personnel and Guidance Joumal,56(8),458-463.
-
Sue, D. W.,Sue, D.(1990).Counseling the culturally different: Theory & practice (2ed.).JOHN WILEY & SONS.
-
Sue, S.,Zane, N.(1987).The role of culture and cultural; techniques in psychotherapy: A critique and reformulation.American Psychologist,42,37-45.
-
Triandis, H. C.(1995).Individualism and Collectivism.Westview Press.
-
Triandis, H. C.(1994).Culture and social behavior.McGraw-Hill, Inc..
-
Yang, K. S.(1996).The handbook of Chinese psychology.Hong Kong:Oxford University Press.
-
西園昌久(1987)。亞洲人的心理治療-幾個方法學上的問題。中華心理衛生學刊,3(1),21-30。
-
余德慧(1991)。中國人,中國心-人格與社會篇,中國本土心理學新紀元研討會論文集。台北:遠流。
-
李亦園(1996)。華人的心理與治療。台北:
-
李島鳳(2003)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所博士論文。
-
高琇鈴(2000)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文。
-
曾文星(1996)。華人的心理與治療。台北:桂冠。
-
游淑瑜(2003)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所博士論文。
-
黃光國(1995)。儒家價值的現代轉化:理論分析與實證研究。本土心理學研究,3,276-338。
-
楊中芳(2001)。如何理解中國人:文化與個人論文集。台北:遠流。
-
楊明磊(2001)。國立化師範大學輔導與諮商研究所博士論文。
-
楊國樞(1992)。中國人的價值觀-社會科學觀點。台北:桂冠。
-
楊國樞(1992)。中國人的心理與行為-理念及方法篇。台北:桂冠。
-
葉光輝(1995)。孝道困境的消解模式及其相因素。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊,79,65-114。
-
蕭文(2000)。2000諮商專業發展學術研討會論文。中國輔導學會。
-
賴念華(2002)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所博士論文。
|