親職教育團體對親子關係與兒童行為問題的影響

The Effects of Parent Education Groups on Parent-Child Relationship and Child Behavior Problems

10.6251/BEP.20070301

林家興(Josh Chia-Hsin Lin)

行為問題 ； 班級教學 ； 團體輔導 ； 親職教育 ； 讀書會 ； behavior problems ； classroom teaching ； group counseling ； parent education ； study group

教育心理學報

39卷1期（2007 / 09 / 01）

91 - 109

繁體中文

本研究的目的在於探討三種實施親職教育的團體方式，對親子關係與一般國小兒童行為問題的影響。研究者針對三種國人較為熟悉的團體實施方式：讀書會、班級教學及團體輔導進行團體效果的比較。研究採用後測控制組實驗設計，以台北市國小兒童家長186名為研究樣本，將他們隨機分派到三個實驗組和一個控制組。自變項為親職教育團體的實施方式，依變項是家長評量的親子關係與兒童行為問題。研究受試分別於實驗結束時及三個月之後接受後測。研究結果發現：1.團體輔導、讀書會、班級教學對於家長與子女的親子關係，以及國小兒童的行為問題並沒有立即的實驗影響；2.團體輔導與讀書會對於受試的親子關係以及兒童的問題行為在三個月之後有顯著的影響，班級教學對於改善受試子女的問題行為在三個月之後有顯著的效果。

This study aimed to compare three group methods of parent education and their effects on participants' parent-child relationship and child behavior problems. Three group methods that are commonly known to the Chinese parents (i.e., group counseling, study group, and classroom teaching) were compared in terms of their effects on parents and their children. A posttest-only control group design was used to conduct the experiment. One hundred and eighty-six voluntary parents of elementary school children in Taipei City were randomly assigned to either experimental or control groups. Measures of parent-child relationship and child behavior problems were collected immediately after the experiment and three months post-experiment. Results of the study were that: (1) there were no significant difference among group counseling, study group, classroom teaching, and waiting-list control groups on the immediate experimental effects of parent education; (2) group counseling and study groups were found to have significant experimental effects on parent-child relationship and child behavior problems three months post-experiment; and (3) classroom teaching was found to have significant experimental effects on child behavior problems three months post-experiment. Practical and research implications are discussed.

1. 洪淑雅、卓紋君(2001)。母親參與親子遊戲訓練團體對國小被同儕拒絕兒童親子關係、社交地位及學校行爲改變之研究。諮商輔導文粹，6，23-58。
   連結：
2. 簡文英、卓紋君(2003)。國內親職教育團體研究的回顧與分析。諮商與輔導，221，2-10。
   連結：
3. Abidin, R. R. (Ed.),Carter, B. D.(1980).Parent education intervention handbook.Springfield, IL:Charles C. Thomas.
4. Achenbach, T. M.(1991).Child behavior checklist.Burlington, VT:University of Vermont.
5. Achenbach, T. M.(1991).Manual for child behavior checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile.Burlington, VT:University of Vermont.
6. Alvy, K. T.(1994).Parent training today: A social necessity.Studio city, CA:Center for the Improvement of Child Caring.
7. Ballenski, C. B.,Cook, A. S.(1982).Mothers' perceptions of their competence in managing selected parenting tasks.Family Relations,31,489-494.
8. Barber, J. G.(1992).Evaluating parent education groups: Effects on sense of competence and social isolation.Research on social work/practice,2(1),28-38.
9. Burnett, P. C.(1988).Evaluation of Adlerian parenting programs.Individual Psychology: Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research & Practice,44(1),63-76.
10. Cedar, B.,Levant, R. F.(1990).A meta-analysis of the effects of parent effective training.The American Journal of Family Therapy,18(4),373-384.
11. Cheng, G. J.,Balter L.(1997).Culturally sensitive parent education: A critical review of quantitative research.Review of Educational Research,67(3),339-369.
12. Cunningham, C.(1985).Training and education approaches for parents of children with special needs.British Journal of Medical Psychology,58(3),285-305.
13. Dembo, M. H.,Sweitzer, M.,Lauritzen, P.(1985).An evaluation of group parent education: Behavioral, PET, and Adlerian Programs.Review of Educational Research,55(2),155-200.
14. Dreikurs, R.,Soltz, V.(1964).Children: The challenge.New York:Merdith Press.
15. Gaudin, J. M.,Kurtz, D. P.(1985).Parenting skills training for child abusers.Journal of Group Psychotherapy, Psychodrama & Sociometry,38(1),35-54.
16. Gibson, D. G.(1994).A meta-analytic review of the literature on the efficacy of the systematic training for effective parenting (STEP) program.Dissertation Abstract International: section B: the Sciences and Engineering,55(2),629.
17. Gordon, T.(1970).Parent effectiveness training: The no-loss program for raising responsible children.New York:Peter H. Wyden.
18. Graziano, A. M.,Diament, D. M.(1992).Parent behavioral training: An examination of the paradigm.Behavior Modification,16(1),3-38.
19. Hess, R. D.,M. Fantini,R. Cardenas (Eds.)(1980).Parenting in a multicultural society.New York:Longman.
20. Hur, J.(1997).Review of research on parent training for parents with intellectual disability: Methodological issues.International Journal of Disability, Development & Education,44(2),147-162.
21. Kazdin, A. E.(1987).The treatment of antisocial behavior in children: Current status and future directions.Psychological Bulletin,102,187-203.
22. Kazdin, A. E.(1997).Parent management training evidence, outcomes, and issues.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,36(10),1349-1356.
23. Lieh-Mak, F.,Lee, P. W. H.,Luk, S. L.(1984).Problems encountered in teaching Chinese parents to be behavior therapists.Psychologia,27,56-64.
24. Mason, E. J.,Bramble, W. J.(1978).Understanding and conducting research: Applications in education and the behavioral sciences.New York:McGraw-Hill.
25. Patterson, G. R.(1986).Performance models for antisocial boys.American Psychologist,41(4),432-444.
26. Rogers Wiese, M. R.(1992).A critical review of parent training research.Psychology in the Schools,29(3),229-236.
27. Rogers Wiese, M. R.,Kramer J. J.(1988).Parent training research: An analysis of the empirical literature 1975-1985.Psychology in the Schools,25(3),325-330.
28. Rogers, C. R.(1951).Client-centered therapy.Boston:Houghton Mifflin.
29. Ruma, P. R.,Burke, T. V.,Thompson, R. W.(1996).Group parent training: Is it effective for children of all ages?.Behavior Therapy,27,159-169.
30. Tavormina, J. B.,R. R. Abidin (Ed.)(1980).Parent education and intervention handbook.Springfield, IL:Charles C. Thomas.
31. Todres, R.,Bunston, T.(1993).Parent education program evaluation: A review of the literature.Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health,12(1),225-257.
32. Yankelovich, Skelly,White, Inc.(1977).Raising children in a changing society: The General Mills American family report.
33. Zigler, E.,Black, K. B.(1989).America's family support movement: Strengths and limitations.America Journal of orthopsychiatry,59(1),6-19.
34. 台北市政府教育局(1995)。社區家庭教育行政實務手冊。台北:蕭道弘。
35. 吳偉苓(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商研究所。
36. 吳麗娟(1997)。行政院國科會專題研究成果報告行政院國科會專題研究成果報告,未出版
37. 李孟真(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所。
38. 周震歐(1986)。我國目前對非行少年父母專業服務之現況與改進。「加強家庭教育、促進社會和諧學術研討會」宣讀之論文，台北:
39. 林家興(1994)。天下無不是的孩子。台北:張老師。
40. 林家興(1998)。親職教育實施方式的檢討與建議。測驗與輔導，151，3132-3134。
41. 林家興(1997)。親職教育的原理與實務。台北:心理。
42. 邱獻輝(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所。
43. 洪秀珍(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立花蓮師範學院多元文化研究所。
44. 翁毓秀(1998)。博士論文(博士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導學系。
45. 張子正(1998)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導學系。
46. 張百蓮(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立嘉義大學家庭教育研究所。
47. 張愛華(1986)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中國文化大學兒童福利研究所。
48. 張靜文(1998)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學社會教育研究所。
49. 許月雲(1990)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學家政教育研究所。
50. 陳三興(1988)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範學院教育研究所。
51. 黃春枝(1979)。親子關係適應量表指導手冊。台北:正昇教育科學社。
52. 趙梅如(1999)。博士論文(博士論文)。國立高雄師範大學教育研究所。
53. 劉姿吟(1992)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。
54. 鄭玉英(1984)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學輔導研究所。
55. 謝麗紅(1992)。團體諮商對離異者自我概念、親子關係、社會適應輔導效果之研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導學報，15，233-286。
56. 顏碧慧(1994)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中國文化大學兒童福利研究所。
57. 魏清蓮(1987)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學輔導研究所。
58. 魏渭堂(1998)。博士論文(博士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。

1. 刑志彬(2019)。不同效能非結構諮商團體歷程自我揭露類型探究與行為互動之社會網絡分析。臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導學系學位論文。2019。1-216。 
2. 洪倩婷(2011)。讀書治療親職團體對國小學童父母輔導效果之研究。臺東大學教育學系學位論文。2011。1-183。