题名

讀僧叡〈小品經序〉

并列篇名

Treading a New Course: Coalescence of the Saddharmapundarīka and the Prajñāparamitā in Sengrui's "Preface to the Small Version of Prajñāparamitā"

DOI

10.6253/ntuhistory.1999.23.05

作者

周伯戡(Po-Kan Chou)

关键词

僧叡 ; 鳩摩羅什 ; 般若 ; 法華 ; 大品 ; 小品 ; 大智度論 ; 格義 ; 一切有部 ; 中觀佛教 ; Saddharmapundarīka ; Prajñāparamitā ; Kumārajīva ; Sengrui ; Madhyāmika ; Mahāprajñāparamirodeśa ; concept-matching ; Sarvāstivāda

期刊名称

臺大歷史學報

卷期/出版年月

23期(1999 / 06 / 01)

页次

157 - 198

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

此論文藉著解讀迄今尚未充分瞭解的僧叡〈小品經序〉,來暸解中國佛教史上一個關鍵性的發展―在中觀佛教的架構裡,《般若》和《法華》的結合。在印度的中觀佛教思想裡,《法華》毫無地位,但此經在中國佛教裡被視為經王。論文說明這是受到鳩摩羅什佛教思想的影響,而由僧叡註錄到〈小品經序〉中。羅什所以結合《般若》和《法華》,一方面是矯正先前的格義佛教,另一方面是對抗一切有部的佛教思想。

英文摘要

By deciphering Sengrui's ”Preface to the Small Version of Prajñāparamitā,” this paper presents a departure point where the Buddhist development in China differed from its counterpart in India. In the beginning of the fifth century, Chinese Buddhism was dominated by two modes of interpretation of the Prajñāparamitā: native concept-matching (geyi) and Indian Sarvāstivadā. Kumārajīva diverted the interpretation to the Madhyāmika philosophical discourse by introducing four Madhyāmika śāstras and retranslating many Mahāyāna sūtras (including Saddharmapundarīka and two versions of Prajñāparamitā). To antagonize concept-matching and Sarvāsitvādin Buddhist thoughts, while avoiding the nihilist aftermath of Madhyāmika, Kumārajīva brought up the doctrine of ekayāna and argued that it underlay in both the Prajñāiparamitā and the Saddharmapundarīka. With the doctrine of ekayāna, Kumārajiva demonstrated the Buddha's wisdom and compassion as a unity represented in the Prajñāparamitā and the Saddharmapundarīka and asserted that the coalescence of these two scriptures was the full unfolding of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Such an argument, noted in Sengrui's Preface, was never seen in Indian Madhyāmika Buddhism, but it since became the foundation of the subsequent Buddhist development in China.

主题分类 人文學 > 歷史學
参考文献
  1. 晉書
  2. 注解大品序
  3. 大智度論
  4. 摩訶般若波羅蜜經
  5. 合放光光讚略解
  6. 大乘大義章.
  7. 合維摩詰經序
  8. 阿毘曇心論
  9. 十法句義經序
  10. (1973).The Perfection of Wisdom in Eight Thousand Lines & Its Verse Summary.
  11. (1938)。出三藏記集
  12. 合首楞嚴經序
  13. 達摩多羅禪經
  14. 小品般若波羅密經
  15. 法華經疏
  16. 般若經
  17. 思益經
  18. 後秦鳩摩羅什。大品
  19. 後秦鳩摩羅什。小品
  20. 後秦釋僧肇。肇論
  21. 後秦釋僧肇。百論
  22. 後秦釋僧肇。維摩詰經
  23. 清郭慶藩。莊子集釋
  24. 魏王弼。老子
  25. Chien, Edward T.(1986).Chiao Hung and the Restructuring of Neo-Confucianism in the Late Ming.
  26. Hikata, Ryuushò(1958).The Suvikraantavikraami-parip.cchaa Prajñaaparamiita-Suutra.
  27. Huntington C. W.(1989).The Emptiness of Emptiness: An Introduction to Early Indian Màdhyamika.
  28. Huntington C. W.(1986).Madhyamaka Schools in India.
  29. Ingalls(1954).Samkara's Arguments against the Buddhists.Philosophy East and West,3(4),302-303.
  30. Lai, Whalen(1983).The Early Prajba Schools, Especially 'Hsin-wu' Reconsidered.Philosophy East and West,30(1)
  31. Lai, Whalen(1979).Limits and Failure of Ko-I (Concept-Matching) Buddhism.History of Religion,18,238-255.
  32. Mair、 Victor H.,Mei, Tsue-lin(1991).The Sanskrit Origins of Recent Style Prosody.Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies,51(2)
  33. Nagao, Gadjin(1989).The Foundational Standpoint of Maadhyamika Philosophy.
  34. Potter, Karl H.(1963).Presuppositions of India's Philosophies.
  35. Ruegg, David Seyfort(1981).The Literature of the Madhyamaka School of Philosophy in India.
  36. Spiro, Melford E.(1970).Buddhism and Society.
  37. Tang, Yung-tung(1952).Radhakrishnan Festschrift: Comparative Studies in Philosophy in Honour of His Sixtieth Birthday.
  38. Wright、 Arthur(1954).Silver Jubilee Volume of the Jimbun Kagaku Kenkyujyo.
  39. Wright、 Arthur(1957).Seng-jui Alias Hui-rui.Sino-Indian Studies,5,272-274.
  40. 中島隆藏(1997)。出三藏記集序卷譯註
  41. 支道林。大小品對比要抄序
  42. 林傳芳(1979)。魏晉南北朝佛教小史
  43. 阿羅漢婆素跋陀。四阿鋡暮抄經
  44. 荒牧典俊(1983)。中國中世の宗教と文化
  45. 副島正光(1981)。般若経典の基礎的研究
  46. 康僧會。安般守意經
  47. 陳寅恪(1977)。陳寅恪先生論文集(下)
  48. 陳援庵(1975)。釋氏疑年錄
  49. 勝呂信静(1982)。法華経の文化と基盤
  50. 湯山明(1994)。從中亞地區對佛教典籍的接受情況來看羅什漢譯妙法蓮華經的特色。世界宗教研究,2,55-68。
  51. 湯山明, Akira(1970).A Bibliography of the Sanskirt Texts of the Saddharmapundarikasuutra.
  52. 湯山明, Akira(1987).Sramana Vidya: Studies in Buddhism.
  53. 湯用彤。漢魏兩晉南北朝佛教史
  54. 湯用彤(1978)。湯錫予先生文集
  55. 道安法師。毗婆沙序
  56. 道安法師。摩訶缽羅若波羅蜜經鈔序
  57. 道安法師。安般注序
  58. 慧觀。出三藏記集
  59. 樓宇烈(1983)。老子周易王弼注校釋
  60. 曇摩蜱。摩訶般若波羅蜜鈔經
  61. 橫超慧日(1986)。法華思想
  62. 鎌田茂雄。中國佛教通史(第2冊)
  63. 釋僧叡。大品經
  64. 横超慧日(1974)。中國佛教の研究(第二冊)
被引用次数
  1. 蔡耀明(2003)。解讀有關《首楞嚴三昧經》的四篇前序後記—以《首楞嚴三昧經》相關文獻的探討爲背景—。臺大佛學研究,8,1-42。
  2. 周伯戡(2021)。北魏僧曹制度考-兼論中國僧官的起源。臺大歷史學報,67,183-277。