英文摘要
|
In June 1933, the National Government appointed Sun Dien-ying (孫殿英) as West Chinghai Settlement Governor, who was then the Chief Commander of the Ninth Group Army of the North China Troop. Having accepted the assignment, Sun and his troops marched westward from Chahar Province and stationed in the west of Suiyüan Province. On January 11, 1934, disregarding orders from the Central Government, Sun launched a large-scale attack against the Ningsia Army which was under the leadership of Ma Hong-kui (馬鴻逵), Chairman of the Ningsia provincial government. Both Ma Ling (馬麟), Chairman of the Chinghai provincial government, and Chu Shao-liang (朱紹良), Kansu Pacification Commissioner and Chairman of the Kansu provincial government, sent troops to Ningsia, to fight alongside the Ningsia Army against Sun's troops. This battle lasted until March 22. In the end, Sun's troops were defeated, and the survivors withdrew to the west of Suiyuan Province and were later incorporated into Shansi and Suiyuan Army.
In general, analyzing the cause and the outcome of this battle, it can be found that political conspiracy dominated the entire event. Sun Dien-ying and each of the involved military-political leaders, such as Chiang Kai-shek, Yen His-shan (閻錫山) Feng Yü-hsiang (馮玉祥), Chu Shao-liang, Ma Hong-kui, and Ma Ling, was racking his brain in order to obtain maximum benefits from this battle. On the other hand, this battle caused a large number of casualties, considerable economic loss and substantial suffering in the involved provinces. This paper analyzes and comments on the battle against Sun Dien-ying, based on mainly Achives of President Chiang Kai-shek (《將中正總統檔案》), Archives of Yen His-shan (《閻故資政錫山遺存檔案》), and the Paot'ou Daily News (《包頭日報》).
|