英文摘要
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In the complete works of Han Yu, there are five article titles started with the word ”yuan” (which means ”tracing the cause”): ”Tracing the Cause of the Tao”, ”Tracing the Cause of Human Nature”, ”Tracing the Cause of Human Beings”, ”Tracing the Cause of Ghosts”, and ”Tracing the Cause of Slander”. Since the titles of these articles are similar, Chu Xi presumed that they should be written at the same time, before Han was remitted and transferred to Jiangling. But most of the scholars nowadays believe that they were written when Han was banished to Yangshan, or when he was in Chenzhou, or after 813 AD. Which statement is believable? Were they written at the same time? Are there any other possibilities? As a matter of fact, former scholars did not have any irrefutable evidence.
Investigating Han's poems, articles and sequence of ideas, this paper first confirms that the five articles were written at the same time, around 803 AD., when Han secured an official position in the capital of the country. The second part examines the various arguments of our predecessors and points out their questionable aspects and errors. The third part proves that ”Tracing the Cause of the Tao” was not written in Han's remaining years but in his prime of life, according to the developing procedure of Han's Confucian orthodoxy theory.
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