英文摘要
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This article discusses the causative verb-complement constructions "V hoo yi R" in Taiwanese Southern Min and "V pun gi R" in Taiwanese Hakka, analyzing the dummy usages of the third-person pronouns yi/gi and tracing their origins. (Here, "R" stands for a resultative complement.) The construction signifies the speaker's intention and disposal. The referentiality of yi/gi is rather stable when R semantically refers to the patient or any noun phrase in the prior discourse; however, the referentiality weakens when R semantically refers to the agent or the action verb. The cognate constructions of "V hoo yi R / V pun gi R" in history show that the grammaticalization of yi/gi results from analogy. The R in this "V hoo yi R / V pun gi R" construction only referred to the patient at first, but later the verb-referring and the agent-referring R constructions were allowed. The referentiality of yi/gi in both constructions weakened, and the dummy yi/gi inserted were simply to fill a grammatical slot. Equally noticeable is the semantic comparability of "V hoo yi R / V pun gi R" and "V ta (yi) ge R" in Mandarin Chinese, which can be ascribed to their double object constructions and the use of the third-person pronouns yi/gi/ta that signify the speaker's subjectivity.
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