英文摘要
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This study investigates Hao Yi-Xing’s researching and writing process and explains why his Interpretation of the Book of Documents and Erya with Annotations display different viewpoints toward the old-text Book of Documents. Hao did not write works of textual criticism and Han studies before the 59th year of Emperor Qian-Long’s reign. After taking the entrance exam multiple times in Beijing and writing books on five of the classics, including the Interpretation of the Classic of Poetry and the Interpretation of the Book of Documents. After passing the exam, finishing his first five classical books and moving to Beijing, we can see that Hao began to follow the ideas of Gu, Han, Zheng and viewed the old-text Book of Documents as apocryphal rather than authentic. He then dramatically changed his interpretation of the old-text Book of Documents and his remarks on the annotations of previous scholars. These changes of his study process and his view are a good example of how textual criticism, Han studies, and the idea that old-text Book of Documents is fake spread in the Qing dynasty. That this spread did not happen until the late years of the Qian-Long period reveals that textual criticism developed slowly and influenced less widely than the academic history centered on elite. More case studies are needed for a deeper understanding of textual criticism, Han studies, and the diversity of the concept of the apocryphal old-text Shangshu’s dissemination in the Qing dynasty.
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