英文摘要
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Wang Yangming (Shou-ren, 1472-1529) and Jeong Hagok (Jedu, 1649-1736) are the respective founders of Chinese and Korean Yangming Schools. They each established the theoretical profoundness of Chinese and Korean Yangming thought, whose defining characteristics are illuminated best by the theory of liangzhi tiyong. Through a close analysis of Jeong Hagok's "liangzhi tiyong chart" and subsequent comparison of it to Wang Yangming's theory of liangzhi tiyong, this paper highlights the underlying connotations and particular features of Jeong Hagok's theory of liangzhi tiyong. In so doing, this paper also responds to the contemporary Korean scholar Choi Jae-mok's thesis that Jeong Hagok's theory of liangzhi tiyong are rooted in Choson Neo-Confucianism, by pointing out that Hagok's theory still corresponds to Wang Yangming's concept of liangzhi and his coinage of "ti yong yi yuan." In addition, this paper further demonstrates the uniqueness of the Korean Yangming School theory of tiyong. Simply put, the uniqueness of Jeong Hagok's theory of the relationship between liangzhi tiyong lies in the way his chart depicts progressive movement outward in three layers from a single concentric circle to transform the two-dimensional, static and dichotomous "xin tong xing-qing" framework of Korean Neo-Confucianism into a three-dimensional, dynamic framework by inserting liangzhi in place of "xin" to create "liangzhi tong xing-qing", thereby demonstrating the unity of substance and function. In this way, Jeong Hagok not only responds to the unique "four beginnings and seven emotions" debates of Korean Neo- Confucianism, but also effectively corrected what he saw as the shortcomings of Chinese Yangming schools, namely, the intemperate satisfaction of one's desires.
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