英文摘要
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The relationship between heaven and man in the Zhuang-Zi is a conundrum that seems simple but is so puzzling that it remains unresolved. Since many scholars have attempted to discuss this issue heretofore, this article tries to reconsider these arguments and provide a preliminary solution to this complicated issue. In the Zhuang-Zi, the varying appearances of heaven are presented by particular methods. Through exploring the meanings of heaven, it can be proved that the tian 'heaven' in the Zhuang-Zi is actually the origin, infinity, sublimity, and creativity of human beings. This can be exemplified by xin-yu-tian-you 'to roam in spirit with heaven,' which in other words is to continuously restructure oneself. Hence the terms around tian in the Zhuang-Zi are used to indicate the following meanings: to expand life, to suspend inertia, to observe by overlooking, to develop tortuously, and to integrate humans with the universe. On the basis of tian, humans can broaden their views as well as reflect on themselves to form richer lives even in daily activities.
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