Category Specific Agraphia: Report of Three Cases

範疇具體的失書：三症例報告

10.6129/CJP.2004.460203.09

元村直靖(Naoyasu Motomura)；仲西千代美(Chiyomi Nakanishi)；岡村武彥(Takehiko Okamura)；村田真二(Shinji Murata)

失寫症 ； 失語症 ； 失讀症 ； category ； agraphia ； kanji ； kana

中華心理學刊

46卷2&3期（2004 / 06 / 01）

213 - 219

英文

本研究報告三個失寫症的個案，他們顯示漢字的失寫，但未呈假名的閱讀與失寫的困難。個案NK呈現漢字失寫與左顱頂葉受損。個案MY則漢字的失讀與失寫與左側葉的損害。此三個案均呈漢字的失寫但並未呈失語或假名的閱讀與書寫的錯誤。錯誤分析顯示，他們有不同的組型。個案NK呈字形相似性的錯誤。個案TO不能寫出漢字。個案MY則呈同音字的錯誤。此結果指出，漢字失血可發生在訊息處理的許多層認，亦指出，漢字與假名的處理涉及不同的神經機制。

Three cases of specific agraphia were reported, which showed Kanji agraphia without showing Kana reading and writing disturbances. Case NK demonstrated pure Kanji agraphia and left parietal lesion. Case TO revealed Kanji agraphia and left temporal lobe lesion. Case MY had Kanji agraphia with alexia and left temporal lobe lesion. These three cases demonstrated Kanji writing disturbance although they had no aphasic disturbance and Kana (Japanese phonogram) reading or writing disturbances. Error-pattern analyses show that these three cases demonstrated different patterns. Case NK had morphologically similar errors. Case TO shows no response and Case MY demonstrated homophonic errors in using Kanji. These results indicate that the disturbance of Kanji writing occurs at many levels of information processing. The results also suggest that the processing of Kanji and Kana involved different neural mechanisms.

1. Geschwind, N.(1968).Disconnection syndromes in animals and man.Brain,88,237-295.
2. Imura, T.,Nogami, Y.,Asakawa, K.(1971).Aphasia in Japanese language.Nihon University Journal of Medicine,13,69-90.
3. Iwata, M.(1986).Neural mechanism of reading and writing in the Japanese language.Functional Neurology,1,43-52.
4. Kawamura, M.,Hirayama, K.,Hasegawa, K.(1987).Alexia with agraphia of Kanji (Japanese morphograms).Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry,50,1125-1129.
5. Soma, Y.,Sugishita, M.,Kitamura, K.(1989).Lexical agraphia in the Japanese language-pure agraphia for Kanji due to left posterior-inferior temporal lesions.Brain,112,1549-1561.
6. Tanaka, Y.,Yamadori, A.,Murata, S.(1987).Selective Kana agraphia: A case report.Cortex,23,679-684.
7. Yaguchi, H.,Bando, M.,Kubo, T.(1998).A case of pure agraphia due to left parietal lobe infarction.Rinsho Shinkeigaku,38,499-505.
8. Yamadori, A.,Motomura, N.,Endo, M.,Mitani, Y.(1985).Category specific alexia and a neuropsychological model of reading.Higher Brain Function Research,5,817-821.
9. Yokota, T.,Ishiai, S.,Furukawa, T.(1990).Pure agraphia of Kanji due to thrombosis of the Labbe vein.Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry,53,335-338.