Testing Picture Superiority Effects on Short-Term and Long-Term Retentions of Hiragana: Why Are They Absent?

平假名短期與長期記憶的圖優效果：為何不存在

10.6129/CJP.2004.460203.10

松永幸子(Sachiko Matsunaga)

平假名的記憶 ； 圖優效果 ； 雙重收錄假說 ； picture superiority effects ； Hiragana retentaions

中華心理學刊

46卷2&3期（2004 / 06 / 01）

221 - 229

英文

本研究旨在檢驗雙重收錄假說（Paivio, 1971, 1986, 1991；Thompson & Paivio, 1994）對圖臲效果的解釋。本研究特別觀察美國大學學生學習日本平假名時，使用圖片與語音的方式記憶平假名的短期與長期效果。結果並未現現短期與長期記憶的圖優效果。本文提供可能的解釋，並依此修正雙重收錄假說。

This study tested the validity of the dual coding hypothesis (Paivio, 1971, 1986, 1991; Thompson & Paivio, 1994), which attempts to explain the phenomenon of picture superiority effect in human memory (i.e., pictures are better remembered than words). The study specifically investigated the short-term and long-term effect of picture and sound mnemonics, together or separately, on remembering hiragana (Japanese syllabic scripts) by learners of Japanese as a foreign language at an American university. Results of the study did not show picture superiority effects in aiding learners' short-term or long-term recalls of the symbols. This paper provides explanations for these results and suggests modifications of the dual coding theory.

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