题名

Testing the Applicability of a Multiplicative Hyperbolic Model of Inter-Temporal and Risky Choice in Human Volunteers

并列篇名

檢驗跨時與冒險選擇之雙曲線乘積典範在人類志願者的適用性

DOI

10.6129/CJP.2010.5202.05

作者

梁君涵(Chun-Han Liang)；何孟洋(Meng-Yang Ho)；楊庸一(Yong-Yi Yang)；蔡清欉(Ching-Tsorng Tsai)

关键词

延宕折扣 ； 冒險性 ； 跨時選擇 ； 衝動性 ； 機率折扣 ； delay discounting ； impulsivity ； inter-temporal choice ； probabilistic discounting ； risk taking

期刊名称

中華心理學刊

卷期/出版年月

52卷2期（2010 / 06 / 01）

页次

189 - 204

内容语文

英文
中文摘要

Background: Impulsive choice can be defined as the selection of small immediate rewards rather than larger delayed rewards, or a predisposition to risk taking. A multiplicative hyperbolic model (Ho, Mobini, Chiang, Bradshaw, & Szabadi, 1999) proposes a quantitative methodology for analyzing inter-temporal choice has proved successful in describing impulsive and risky choice in rats. The present study aims to test the applicability of the model to data from human participants. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers underwent two experimental tasks of choosing between two alternatives (A and B) for monetary rewards. Each task consisted of several conditions based on the same design. On one task, alternative A produced a probabilistic reward after a short delay (d(subscript A)), and B a certain reward after longer delays, d(subscript B). d(subscript A) was manipulated across 5 conditions. There were 50 trials (10×5 trial type) in each condition. Indifference delays, d(subscript B(50)) (value of d(subscript B) yielding 50% choice of B) were estimated for each participant in each condition. On the other task, a similar procedure was employed, except that reward sizes for A and B were different, but with the same probabilities. Linear functions of d(subscript B(50)) versus d(subscript A) were fitted; the slopes and intercepts provided indices of sensitivity to reinforcement size, delay and probability. Results: d(subscript B(50)) increased linearly with d(subscript A) (r^2 ＞.99) in the two tasks. There was a significant correlation (r=.60, p ＜.001) between the intercepts (sensitivity to delay) but not between the slopes (sensitivity to size and probability) in the two tasks (r=.18, p =.269). Conclusion: These results show the indifference equations specified by the multiplicative model to account for effects of reward size, delay and probability on choice appear to be applicable to data from humans.
英文摘要

Background: Impulsive choice can be defined as the selection of small immediate rewards rather than larger delayed rewards, or a predisposition to risk taking. A multiplicative hyperbolic model (Ho, Mobini, Chiang, Bradshaw, & Szabadi, 1999) proposes a quantitative methodology for analyzing inter-temporal choice has proved successful in describing impulsive and risky choice in rats. The present study aims to test the applicability of the model to data from human participants. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers underwent two experimental tasks of choosing between two alternatives (A and B) for monetary rewards. Each task consisted of several conditions based on the same design. On one task, alternative A produced a probabilistic reward after a short delay (d(subscript A)), and B a certain reward after longer delays, d(subscript B). d(subscript A) was manipulated across 5 conditions. There were 50 trials (10×5 trial type) in each condition. Indifference delays, d(subscript B(50)) (value of d(subscript B) yielding 50% choice of B) were estimated for each participant in each condition. On the other task, a similar procedure was employed, except that reward sizes for A and B were different, but with the same probabilities. Linear functions of d(subscript B(50)) versus d(subscript A) were fitted; the slopes and intercepts provided indices of sensitivity to reinforcement size, delay and probability. Results: d(subscript B(50)) increased linearly with d(subscript A) (r^2 ＞.99) in the two tasks. There was a significant correlation (r=.60, p ＜.001) between the intercepts (sensitivity to delay) but not between the slopes (sensitivity to size and probability) in the two tasks (r=.18, p =.269). Conclusion: These results show the indifference equations specified by the multiplicative model to account for effects of reward size, delay and probability on choice appear to be applicable to data from humans.
主题分类 社會科學 > 心理學
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